The two important mechanisms influencing the response of phytoplankton communities to alterations abiotic factors in their environment are difficult distinguish: species sorting resulting from a change interspecific competitive pressure, and phenotypic plasticity (here explicitly physiological i.e. species-specific adjustment). A shift composition as well adjustments can lead changes fatty acid...

The coupled damage/plasticity model for meso-level which is ply-level in case of Uni-Directional (UD) Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) is implemented. The mathematical formulations, particularly the plasticity part, are discussed in a comprehensive manner. The plastic potential is defined in effective stress space and the damage evolution is based on the theory of irreversible thermodynamics. T...

Background: Facing environmental factors during early postnatal life, directly or indirectly via mother-infant relationships, profoundly affects the structure and function of the mammals’ Central Nervous System (CNS). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of morphine consumption during the lactation period on short-term synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 (C...

Simple relations for the onset of competing brittle and quasiplastic damage modes in Hertzian contact are presented. The formulations are expressed in terms of well-documented material parameters, elastic modulus, toughness, and hardness, enabling a priori predictions for given ceramics and indenter radii. Data from a range of selected ceramic (and other) materials are used to demonstrate the a...

1 Despite general agreement on the adaptive importance of plasticity, evidence 2 regarding the role of environmental resource availability is scarce, at least in plants. The 3 main hypothesis was the traditional interspecific trade-off hypothesis applied to dryland 4 species; those most tolerant to drought have lower potential growth, and therefore also 5 have the lowest plasticity -here specif...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite general agreement regarding the adaptive importance of plasticity, evidence for the role of environmental resource availability in plants is scarce. In arid and semi-arid environments, the persistence and dominance of perennial species depends on their capacity to tolerate drought: tolerance could be given on one extreme by fixed traits and, on the other, by plastic ...

Compacted clay liners (CCLs) are the main materials used in waste disposal landfills due to their low permeability. In this study, the effect on the shear resistant of clays with inorganic salt solutions as permeate fluid was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, NaCl inorganic salt solution at concentrations of 2, 5, 10% and deionized water were used. Laboratory direct shear and Vane ...