Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard of evidence-based medicine. In the field of plastic surgery, designing these studies is much more challenging than in pharmaceutical medicine. Randomized trials in plastic surgery encompass several road blocks including problems shared with other surgical trials: equipoise, high cost, placebo issues and learning curves following the establishme...

Introduction: Ensuring maximum patient safety as well as a complete surgical experience is of utmost importance in training for plastic surgery. As plastic surgical training relies on resident participation in various procedures, we must guarantee adequate hands-on operative time while maintaining the best possible outcomes for the patient. The effect of resident involvement on the outcomes of ...

New plastic solutions of the pullout capacity factor for cylindrical suction caissons in anisotropic clays are presented this paper. These derived by employing lower bound and upper finite element limit analyses under an axisymmetric condition. In study, obey undrained shear (AUS) failure criterion with three strengths obtained from triaxial compression, extension, direct simple shear. The as a...

Frequently, the topologies generated using conventional discrete structural layout optimization methods may be shown to be in unstable equilibrium with the specified applied loading. Instability may occur due to the lack of lateral bracing at a node lying within a line of parallel compression members (or ‘chain’), or at the end of a compression member. In practice, this would typically lead eit...

In this research, softening and ratcheting behaviors of Ck20 alloy steel cylindrical shells were studied under displacement-control and force-control cyclic axial loading and the behavior of hysteresis curves of specimens was also investigated. Experimental tests were performed by a servo-hydraulic INSTRON 8802 machine. The mechanical properties of specimens were determined according to ASTM E8...

Existence of cracks in industrial structures is one of the important causes of their failure, especially when they are subjected to important axial compressive forces that might lead to buckling. Therefore, it must be considered in stress analysis and designing and loading of such structures. In this paper, the buckling and post-buckling behaviors of stainless-steel cracked plates under axial c...

An axisymmetric hot closed die-forging process has been studied by physical modeling technique using the plasticine. To observe the material flow pattern, layers of plasticine with different colors were used. The normal direction to the layers was considered a principal direction. The strain distribution was obtained by measuring the thickness of the plasticine layers. Based on the strain distr...

Combined high pressure phase transformations (PTs) and plastic flow in a sample within a gasket compressed in diamond anvil cell (DAC) are studied for the first time using finite element method. The key point is that phase transformations are modelled as strain-induced, which involves a completely different kinetic description than for traditional pressure-induced PTs. The model takes into acco...

The approach to the formation of analytical method evaluation stress-strain state complex rod bearing structural elements is considered in paper. prerequisites described cover all fundamental features deformation components conditions tube confined concrete with a strengthened core. This confirmed by results our own experimental studies. case central axial compression detail. From beginning loa...

BACKGROUND Many international volunteer groups provide free reconstructive plastic surgery for the poor and underserved in developing countries. An essential issue in providing this care is that it meets consistent guidelines for both quality and safety-a topic that has been addressed previously. An equally important consideration is how to provide that care in an ethical manner. No literature ...