Sir,—Recently, difficulty was encountered during anaesthesia for a 75-year-old man who presented with hoarseness but no history of dyspnoea. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed a small tumour on the left vocal cord but the laryngeal aperture was adequate. Subsequently, the patient was anaesthetized for the purpose of direct laryngoscopy and biopsy. Premedication comprised atropine 0.6 mg and prometh...

This work shows the Kédougou-Kéniéba inlier (eastern Senegal) pillow lavas behavior from laboratory to field. Some uniaxial tests are carried out on five types of specimens of pillow lavas. These types of specimens are: microscopically healthy rock, fractured rock without filling, fractured rock filled with epidote, chlorite and calcite and rocks with tension crack filled with quartz. The Young...

In this study, poultry manure compost and organic fertilizer were added to soils derived from basalt, granite, and river alluvial deposits for use as soil parent materials. Following incubation periods of 30 or 60 days at 25 °C, the physical and chemical properties and adsorption characteristics of the soils were studied. The results indicated that the application of poultry manure compost or o...

Deformation experiments were conducted with the intention of identifying how the mechanical behavior and deformation microstructures of a basalt are influenced by the presence of glass that can crystallize to metamorphic minerals or flow. A glassy plagioclase-rich basalt was tested for periods of up to 649 hours at temperatures of 675-875°C, a confining pressure of 1.0 GPa, and strain rates of ...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used as a method for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on substrates, most commonly pre-treated by a metal-catalyst. In this work, the capability of basalt fiber surfaces was investigated in order to stimulate catalyst-free growth of carbon nanotubes. We have carried out CVD experiments on unsized, sized, and NaOH-treated basalt fibers modified by growth...

Species with markedly different sizes interact when sharing the same habitat. Unravelling mechanisms that control diversity thus requires consideration of a range of size classes. We compared patterns of diversity and community structure for meio- and macrofaunal communities sampled along a gradient of environmental stress at deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise (9° 50' N) and n...

[1] In Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) Hole 417D in the western central North Atlantic, dips of pillow margins measured in the upper and lower part of basement correlate with tilts predicted from paleomagnetic inclinations in the corresponding parts of the hole. A 40 westward dip of the seafloor around 417Dmatches the tilt predicted from inclinations and pillow margin dips in the uppermost lav...

Methods Male Swiss mice were used in the experiments. All procedures were approved by the University Animal Ethics Comittee (CEUA/Unisul protocol n# 11.022.4.08.IV). For induction of IR an elastic ring (1.2mm diameter) was positioned in the right ankle of anesthetized mice (chloral hydrate 7%, 0.6ml/kg, ip). After three hours the ring was cut allowing reperfusion. Experimental groups were: Sham...

Introduction: Volatile species, such as H2O, CO2, F, and Cl, are important in the generation and differentiation of basaltic melts. On the Earth, dissolved H2O (or in certain circumstances CO2) is thought to be the dominant volatile in most basaltic magmas. Therefore, significant effort has been placed on understanding how water and CO2 affect basalt genesis and crystallization of terrestrial m...

[1] We have investigated the effects of crystallization and oxidation on the visible and nearinfrared (VISNIR) and mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectra of materials with a Shergotty-NakhlaChassigny (SNC) basaltic composition in order to investigate potential links between Martian VISNIR spectra, Martian mid-IR spectra, and SNC meteorite data. SNC basalt samples of varying crystallinities were synthesi...