A series of three donor molecules (DPP-B, DPP-N and DPP-P) based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) sharing the similar backbone D-π-A-π-D have been investigated. In these molecules, substituents such as pyrene, naphthalene benzene act electron donating end groups, DPP central core unit thiophene has used a bridge between acceptor fragments. Theoretical calculations carried out with help density fun...

a new folate-conjugated gold nanoparticle (aunp) has been designed to selectively target the folate receptor that is overexpressed on the surface of tumoral cells. for this purpose, we made 4-aminothiophenol, as a bifunctional linker to react with haucl4 in the presence of sodium borohydride and it was binded to the aunp surface through its thiol group. then, we conjugated amino-terminated nano...

objective: synthetic fluorescent dyes that are conjugated to antibodies are useful tools to probe molecules. based on dye chemical structures, their photobleaching and photostability indices are quite diverse. it is generally believed that among different fluorescent dyes, alexa fluor family has greater photostability than traditional dyes like fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) and cy5. alexa f...

The erythroleukemia-inducing Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) encodes a unique envelope glycoprotein which allows erythroid cells to proliferate and differentiate in the absence of erythropoietin (Epo). In an effort to understand how SFFV causes Epo independence, we have been examining erythroid cells rendered factor independent by SFFV infection for constitutive activation of signal-tr...