In the eight years since we last examined the amino acid exchanges seen in closely related proteins,' the information has doubled in quantity and comes from a much wider variety of protein types. The matrices derived from these data that describe the amino acid replacement probabilities between two sequences at various evolutionary distances are more accurate and the scoring matrix that is deri...

in this paper, our focus of attention is the proper propagationof fuzzy degrees in determinization of $nondeterministic$ $fuzzy$$finite$ $tree$ $automata$ (nffta). initially, two determinizationmethods are introduced which have some limitations (one inbehavior preserving and other in type of fuzzy operations). inorder to eliminate these limitations and increasing theefficiency of ffta, we defin...

in this paper we give sharp upper bounds on the zagreb indices and characterize all trees achieving equality in these bounds. also, we give lower bound on first zagreb coindex of trees.

Scanning electron microscopic studies have been found to be important in revealing corneal nipple varieties in some insects other than nocturnal moths. The study could present some modifications in certain classical concepts regarding the relations between corneal nipple and phylogenic position of insects. The study further revealed the special role played by corneal nipples in nocturnal, crepu...

A family of genes that are likely to encode extracytoplasmic solute receptors is strongly overrepresented in several beta-proteobacteria, including Bordetella pertussis. This gene family, of which members have been called bug genes, contains some examples that are contained within polycistronic operons coding for tripartite uptake transporters of the TTT family, while the vast majority are "orp...

background and objectives:medicinal plants, today it is one of the most important agricultural products. progress in the field of medicinal plants is one of the most important goals at the moment is the agricultural sector. although medicinal plants in our country has been very little attention, but the increasing importance of these plants around the world, today, has attracted the attention o...