Expansion of the genetic alphabet by unnatural base pair systems is an attractive future biotechnology.1 DNA fragments containing unnatural base pairs function as templates for the site-specific incorporation of extra components into nucleic acids and proteins by biosyntheses, according to the Central Dogma of molecular biology replication, transcription, and translation. Nucleic acids and prot...

In this paper, we describe an implementation of a ad-hoc, distributed sensor platform that provides synchronized time to its users. By abstracting the time synchronization layer away, we allow developers to focus on the core challenges of their applications (e.g., signal processing, aggregation, routing) rather than dealing with the algorithmic and systems issues that inevitably arise when inte...

By the end of October 1995, the Senate and House agriculture committees had sent farm bills to their respective budget committees for reconciliation. The House Committee on Agriculture actually was unable to achieve a consensus; Chairman Pat Roberts (R-Kan.) subsequently sent his Freedom to Farm Act (FFA) to the House Budget Committee. On the Senate side, a compromise bill was approved, though ...

The effectiveness of the annual influenza vaccine has declined in recent years, especially for the H3N2 component, and is a concern for global public health. A major cause for this lack in effectiveness has been attributed to the egg-based vaccine production process. Substitutions on the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HA) often arise during virus passaging that change its antigenicity and hence va...

For the construction environment of large bridges is complex and there are too much uncertain factors during the course of the construction, it is difficult for the general method of risk identification to identify the risks wholly and systematically. This study presents a new method of risk identification with modular analysis based on WBS-RBS (Work Breakdown Structure-Risk Breakdown Structure...

Laura M. Bohn,1 Raul R. Gainetdinov,2 Tatyana D. Sotnikova,2 Ivan O. Medvedev,2 Robert J. Lefkowitz,3 Linda A. Dykstra,4 and Marc G. Caron2 1Department of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio 43210, Departments of 2Cell Biology and 3Biochemistry and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Du...

We present CHANDRA X-ray and NTT optical observations of the distant z = 0.52 galaxy cluster RBS380 – the most distant cluster of the ROSAT Bright Source (RBS) catalogue. We find diffuse, non-spherically symmetric X-ray emission with a X-ray luminosity of LX (0.3 − 10 keV) = 1.6 10 erg/s, which is lower than expected from the RBS. The reason is a bright AGN in the centre of the cluster contribu...

FRED C. TENOVER,* ROBERT D. ARBEIT, RICHARD V. GOERING, PATRICIA A. MICKELSEN, BARBARA E. MURRAY, DAVID H. PERSING, AND BALA SWAMINATHAN National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02130; Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178; Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford...

Stimulated Raman backscattering (RBS) of intense laser radiation confined by a single-mode plasma channel with a radial variation of plasma frequency greater than a homogeneous-plasma RBS bandwidth is characterized by a strong transverse localization of resonantly-driven electron plasma waves (EPW). The EPW localization reduces the peak growth rate of RBS and increases the amplification bandwid...

One of the first tasks infants have to accomplish in order to acquire their native language consists of segmenting the continuous signal into discrete categories that represent the vowels and consonants used in their language. Experimental research has shown that this segmentation is acquired during the first year of life. In particular, vowel categories are established at around 6 months (Kuhl...