though-or because-they raise more questions than they answer. This multi-authored book is not among them. Early on we are told that its authors are outstanding leaders and thinkers from all segments of health care who will provide a fair and balanced view of the troubled relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and society. Puzzling, I thought: leafing through the list of authors I hadn...

Pharmaceutical Historiography, ed. by A. BERMAN (Proceedings of a Colloquium sponsored by the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy on the occasion of the Institute's 25th Anniversary, Madison, Wisconsin, 22-23 January, 1966), Madison, Wisconsin, American Institute for the History of Pharmacy, 1967, pp. 145, $2.00. This volume deals with (a) George Urdang's concepts on the framework of ...

Internetware system are widely used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, effective acquisition of transition probability matrix is directly related to internetware reliability computation based on Markov chain model. The construction of Markov chain and the acquisition of transition probability of internetware are studied; the Markov chain of internetware reliability is constructed. Tra...

Previous estimates of drug development success rates rely on relatively small samples from databases curated by the pharmaceutical industry and are subject to potential selection biases. Using a sample of 406 038 entries of clinical trial data for over 21 143 compounds from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2015, we estimate aggregate clinical trial success rates and durations. We also compute dis...

Xiang Jiang, Jian Ni Guangxi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Nanning 530021, China Tel: 86-771-2853-644 E-mail: [email protected] Weiqi Wu Guangxi Industrial Vocational Technical College, Nanning 530001, China Tel: 86-771-3851-662 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract According to the uncertainty of insurance accident, in this article, we introduce the importance of insurance and the application o...

Heartcenter Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and Oslo University, 0514 Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Thorax...

The electronic nose (e-nose) is designed to crudely mimic the mammalian nose in that most contain sensors that non-selectively interact with odor molecules to produce some sort of signal that is then sent to a computer that uses multivariate statistics to determine patterns in the data. This pattern recognition is used to determine that one sample is similar or different from another based on h...

Data mining is the discovery of interesting, unexpected or valuable structures in large datasets. As such, it has two rather different aspects. One of these concerns large-scale, 'global' structures, and the aim is to model the shapes, or features of the shapes, of distributions. The other concerns small-scale, 'local' structures, and the aim is to detect these anomalies and decide if they are ...

Multiplicity is common in clinical studies and the current standard is to use the familywise error rate to ensure that the errors are kept at a prespecified level. In this paper, we will show that, in certain situations, familywise error rate control does not account for all errors made. To counteract this problem, we propose the use of the expected number of false claims (EFC). We will show th...

A common pathophysiological course in vascular diseases is an overwhelming activation and aggregation of blood platelets, which results in atherothrombosis. By causing the last decisive step of cerebral, coronary, or peripheral arterial ischemia thrombotic complications of atherosclerotic disease represent a major player in death cause statistics of most western countries. The development of no...