This article presents a solution to pH control based on model-free learning control (MFLC). The MFLC technique is proposed because the algorithm gives a general solution for acid-base system, yet is simple enough for implementation in existing control hardware. MFLC is based on reinforcement learning (RL), which is learning by direct interaction with the environment. The MFLC algorithm is model...

This article presents a solution to pH control based on model-free intelligent control (MFIC) using reinforcement learning. This control technique is proposed because the algorithm gives a general solution for acid-base system, yet simple enough for its implementation in existing control hardware. In standard reinforcement learning, the interaction between an agent and the environment is based ...

In this study, the cationic lignin-based flocculant was prepared and used with polyferric chloride (PFC) to treat disperse and reactive dyes wastewater. The effects of dosage, initial pH, hardness and ionic strength on the interactions and floc properties were studied. Results showed that hydroxyl and quaternary ammonium groups of LBF could combine with -NHand sulfo groups of dyes. Large flocs ...

Calcium ion induced aggregation and precipitation equilibria of b-casein were studied in the presence or absence of monoand polyphosphates at pH 5.5 and 7.5. We analyze the data by assuming ion binding at a well-defined stoichiometric ratio, leading to protein charge neutralization and formation of slightly soluble complexes. The precipitation curves are in good agreement with the model, showin...

This paper presents a novel dynamic neural network (DNN) predictive control strategy based on modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) for long time delay nonlinear process. The proposed dynamic NN structure could approximate to the actual system model and obtain the pure delay time exactly. An improved version of the original PSO is put forward to train the parameters of NN to enhance the co...

Eco-industrial processes require high reliability control and supervision methodologies, so as to achieve the best compromise possible between the process’ efficiency, safety and economy. Industries often focus on the two first objectives mainly, since they are unwilling to “experiment” not yet validated and/or complex control methodologies if safety and/or efficiency of the process may be jeop...

Acid mine drainage (AMD) causes several environmental problems in many countries. The use of biological processes with sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) has great potential within environmental biotechnology. The aim of this study was to develop a bioremediation system, using a mixed culture of SRB, for the treatment of AMD from São Domingos mine. Sulphate and heavy metals (Fe, Cu and Zn) concen...

A study was made of different aspects of the bluetongue virus neutralizing antibody response and the reaction between the virus and antibody. Optimum neutralization was obtained in a 2mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 9,0, at a temperature of 4 degrees C. The reaction of virus and antibody could be demonstrated by electron microscopy in the formation of clumps which were shown to be serotype specific. It ...

In four patients with alkaline-encrusted cystitis, Corynebacterium group D2 was isolated from consecutive urine cultures and stones. Encrusted cystitis occurred in bladders harboring inflammatory or tumorous lesions in patients with chronic or recurrent urinary tract infections appearing after surgery or instrumentation. The urease activity of Corynebacterium group D2 and the neutralization of ...

Viruses use a limited set of host pathways for infection. These pathways represent bona fide antiviral targets with low likelihood of viral resistance. We identified the salicylanilide niclosamide as a broad range antiviral agent targeting acidified endosomes. Niclosamide is approved for human use against helminthic infections, and has anti-neoplastic and antiviral effects. Its mode of action i...