The permeability characteristics of cat small intestine capillaries were studied using both osmotic transient and lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio (L/P) techniques, A vascularly perfused segment of ileum in which superior mesenteric arterial pressure, blood flow, superior mesenteric venous pressure, and lymph flow were monitored was used for both determinations. Intestinal volume was...

We determine the second, third, and fourth virial coefficients appearing in the density expansion of the osmotic pressure Pi of a monodisperse polymer solution in good-solvent conditions. Using the expected large-concentration behavior, we extrapolate the low-density expansion outside the dilute regime, obtaining the osmotic pressure for any concentration in the semidilute region. Comparison wi...

We introduce a renormalized jellium model to calculate the equation of state for charged colloidal suspensions. An almost perfect agreement with Monte Carlo simulations is found. Our self-consistent approach naturally allows to define the effective charge of particles at finite colloidal density. Although this quantity may differ significantly from its counterpart obtained from the standard Poi...

The high osmotic pressure provided for in vitro transformation processes to support naked protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was found to hurt regeneration of the protoplasts to walled cells. Preadaptation of the cells by growth under the same hypertonic conditions as those used for transformation doubled the rate of protoplast regeneration and in turn resulted in a higher yield of transfo...

A history of halophile research reveals the commitment of scientists to uncovering the secrets of the limits of life, in particular life in high salt concentration and under extreme osmotic pressure. During the last 40 years, halophile scientists have indeed made important contributions to extremophile research, and prior international halophiles congresses have documented both the historical a...