Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in eight patients in a persistent vegetative state was measured and compared with that in five healthy volunteers. The patients were classified into three groups: Group 1 (locked-in syndrome) consisted of a single patient, Group 2 (typical vegetative state) of five patients, and Group 3 (prolonged coma) of two patients. CBF was measured early after onset by si...

Dorsal column stimulation (DCS) therapeutic method has been used to control chronic pain and reduce spasticity of hemiplegia, but we experienced obvious improvement of reactions and expressions and increases in activity, in addition to the above actions. It is well known that electrical stimulation changes the neurotransmitter levels and cerebral blood flow, and this therapeutic method began wi...

Brain death and the persistent vegetative state (PVS) share the following features: 1.) There is death of neurons in the brain; 2.) Both require an etiology which is capable of causing neuronal death. 3.) The potential for cognition is totally and permanently lost; 4.) Intensive medical support is usually withdrawn. In contrast, the diagnosis of brain death depends on death of the brainstem, wh...

Why do we persist in the relentless pursuit of artificial nourishment and other treatments to maintain a permanently unconscious existence? In facing the future, if not the present world-wide reality of a huge number of persistent vegetative state (PVS) patients, will they be treated because of our ethical commitment to their humanity, or because of an ethical paralysis in the face of biotechni...

Correspondence: Prof. Tetsuo Kanno, Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. Progress in Neuroscience 2015; 3 (1-4): 97-103. ISSN: 2240-5127 doi: 10.14588/PiN.2015.Kanno.97 Copyright © 2015 by new Magazine edizioni s.r.l., via dei Mille 69, 38122 Trento, Italy.All rights reserved.www.progressneuroscience.com INTROD...

Dense Phase Carbon Dioxide (DPCD) is a non-thermal process that pasteurizes mostly liquid foods. It inactivates vegetative bacterial cells, some spores, yeasts and molds, some viruses, and some enzymes. The traditional approach to develop a DPCD process for a new product involves a complex experimental plan to investigate microbial and safety effects. Recent studies show the importance of the s...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. The unique character of forestry planting stock 2.1 Nursery-cultured planting stock 2.2 Wildings 3. The role of forest nurseries in forest management 4. Does the nursery affect the planting stock? 5. Types of nurseries 5.1 Bareroot nurseries 5.2 Container nurseries 5.3 A combination of container and bareroot nursery culture 6. Establishing a new nursery 6.1 Economic ...

Leafy spurge is an invasive Eurasian weed on pastures and rangeland in North America where it reduces grass forage production. Our objective was to determine the effects of multispecies grazing combined with Aphthona flea beetles on leafy spurge-infested rangeland. On two westernNorth Dakota sitesdivided into four25to79-hapastures, two grazingduration treatmentswere applied: season-long with 7 ...

The influence of drought stress on internal water status and the final grain yield of three Egyptian corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes; GIZA2, TWC310 and TWC320 at different developmental stages was investigated. Plants grown in pots were subjected to four levels of water stress at vegetative and tassel emergence stages. Exposure of plants to drought led to noticeable decreases in leaf water potenti...