4 Object-Oriented Programming Concepts 12 4.1 The C++ Programming Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.1.1 The Syntax/Semantics of C++ Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.1.2 The Role of the Constructor/Destructor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.1.3 Support for Hiding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

The unexplained collapse of honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies across the world continues to fascinate both the scientific and mainstream media alike. This is mainly due to the worldwide importance of honeybees in ecological and commercial sectors. We recently reported how the ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, altered the viral landscape in the Hawaiian archipelago by decreasing the viral ...

1 Situation hyperbolique en dimension finie Considérons un champ de vecteurs dans R n de classe C k au voisinage de 0, k ≥ 2 , tel que 0 soit point stationnaire dZ dt = F (Z), F (0) = 0 (1) et notons L = DF (0). On dit qu'on a une situation hyperbolique si l'axe des imaginaires està une distance positive du spectre de L. Plus précisément, soit σ le spectre de L, i.e. l'ensemble de ses valeurs p...

Sentinel sites, where problems can be identified early or investigated in detail, form an important part of planning for exotic disease outbreaks in humans, livestock and plants. Key questions are: how many sentinels are required, where should they be positioned and how effective are they at rapidly identifying new invasions? The sentinel apiary system for invasive honeybee pests and diseases i...

Amitraz (Varroaset) is an acaricide applied against Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman (Acarina: Varroidae) infestations on honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Amitraz residue in honey was determined by HPLC in Ankara, Turkey. Honey samples were collected from beekeepers during the harvesting period in AyaĢ, Kızılcahamam and Polatlı towns in Ankara. Amitraz residue was found ...