A graphene oxide (GO) membrane is supported on a ceramic hollow fiber prepared by a vacuum suction method. This GO membrane exhibited excellent water permeation for dimethyl carbonate/water mixtures through a pervaporation process. At 25 °C and 2.6 wt % feed water content, the permeate water content reached 95.2 wt% with a high permeation flux (1702 g m(-2) h(-1)).

Elemental analysis was performed for the palladium foil through which the hydrogen gas penetrated. We analyzed sample surface by Time-of-Flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and searched for newly produced elements during the gas permeation process. Significant increase of the counts for Cr, Fe, Cu and Ag were found after the permeation. These elements could have been produced by nuclear tran...

Several attempts have been made to enhance skin permeation by chemical, physical, or mechanical methods to overcome barrier properties of skin. The present study demonstrates the ability of non-thermal plasma to increase skin permeation and enhance transdermal delivery of large molecules including liposomes (100 nm), nanoparticles (50 nm) & proteins (115 kDa) to deeper layers of the skin rapidl...

Transdermal matrix type patches of terbutaline sulphate were fabricated using ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate polymer. The highest release rate was observed from CP3 and EP2 patches. Transdermal patches CP3 and EP2 were found to be physically stable with regard to drug content, tensile strength, folding endurance, thickness, and weight variation. The drug permeation from both the patches ...

Purpose: To create a skin delivery system based on chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (cs-tpp np) for acyclovir with enhanced chemical stability and satisfying permeation through skin. Methods: Cs-tpp np were prepared based on ionotropic gelation between positively charged amino groups of cs and negatively charged tpp as previously reported by Krauland et al. [1] with different amounts of ...

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the percutaneous absorption of aconitine and mesaconitine in extracts of Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii. METHODS The extracts of Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii were collected by using Franz diffusion cells after permeation through the skin of rats. Then rate constants of skin permeation of aconitine and mesaconitine were determined by high-performance li...

In recent years there has been a drive to create experimental techniques that can facilitate the accurate and precise prediction of transdermal permeation without the use of in vivo studies. This review considers why permeation data is essential, provides a brief summary as to how skin acts as a natural barrier to permeation and discusses why in vivo studies are undesirable. This is followed by...

A new permeation apparatus is described to measure the liquid permeability of coated and uncoated paper samples. The technique can also be applied to other consolidated porous and laminate materials and removes the artefacts of random pinholes whilst relating directly to liquid permeation rather than the more commonly used air/gas permeation. Measurements from three example papers are shown, an...

A transdermal dosage form of trazodone hydrochloride (TZN) may be useful in the treatment of moderate to severe depression in schizophrenic patients by providing prolonged duration of action. It will also improve patient compliance and bioavailability. Controlled input of TZN would attenuate fluctuating plasma level of TZN resulting from oral therapy. The aim of the current investigation was to...

To avoid the systemic adverse effects that might occur after oral administration, transdermal delivery of ambroxol was studied as a method for maintaining proper blood levels for an extended period. Release of ambroxol according to concentration and temperature was determined, and permeation of drug through rat skin was studied using two chamber-diffusion cells. The solubility according to PEG ...