Identification of IL-6 and its pleiotropic functions IL-6 was originally identified as an antigen-nonspecific Bcell differentiation factor in the culture supernatants of mitogenor antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells that induced B cells to produce immunoglobulins [1,2], and was named B-cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2). The cDNA encoding human BSF-2 was cloned in 1986 [3]. Sim...

We previously reported isolation of human T-cell leukemia virus II (HTLV-II) from a second patient (N.R.A.) with atypical hairy cell leukemia. Follow-up analysis of the characteristics of the patient's HTLV-II infection over a 2-year period has revealed that the patient had two coexistant lymphoproliferative disorders. Oligoclonally integrated HTLV-II was detected in DNA extracted from the pati...

Abstract Clinical trials of systemic T cell checkpoint blockade in GBM patients showed only disappointing results. This may be attributed part to the immunosuppressive components immune tumor microenvironment (iTME). Therefore, major efforts have been undertaken describe iTME on a single level. However, human data composition different regions (contrast enhancing center versus peripheral infilt...

BACKGROUND In asthma interleukin (IL)-13 is increased in the airway compared with non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis. Whether this differential expression is specific to the airway or is more generalised is uncertain. METHODS We sought to examine IL-13 expression in peripheral blood T-cells and eosinophils in asthma and non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis. Peripheral blood CD3+ cell and ...

BACKGROUND Flt3-ligand is a cytokine that induces relatively slow mobilization of hematopoietic cells in animals and humans in vivo. This provides a time-frame to study hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell migration kinetics in detail. DESIGN AND METHODS Mice were injected with Flt3-ligand (10 microg/day, intraperitoneally) for 3, 5, 7 and 10 days. Mobilization of hematopoietic stem and pro...

Background Blood immune cells cooperate to prevent the progression of tumors through cancer immunosurveillance. Since activated peripheral immune cell clones trigger a sensitive transcriptional response upon recognition of tumors, which can be identified by transcriptional profiling, we hypothesised that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could be used as reporters for cancer detection.

Increases in IL-10-producing cells and allergen-specific IgG4 are associated with allergic tolerance, including tolerance to foods; however, B cell responses IL-10 the role of regulatory, have not been well-explored context food allergy. Blood samples were collected from food-allergic (FA) non-food-allergic (NFA) children between 2 6 years age. Flow cytometry was performed determine frequency r...

Abstract Background The application of DC-CIK in the field cancer immunotherapy has been shown to be an effective treatment. However, cost treatment is prohibitive for many patients, and lack standard manufacturing processes strategies are main limitations. Material Methods Our experiments used tumor lysate instead cell line as tumor-associated antigen source with DCs co-culture. We provide mos...

BACKGROUND Interleukin-17A is the signature cytokine of the Th17 subset and drives inflammatory pathology, but its relevance to autoantibody-mediated diseases is unclear. Th1 cells secreting interferon-γ have been implicated in autoimmune hemolytic anemia, so the aim was to determine which cytokine is more closely associated with disease severity. DESIGN AND METHODS Interferon-γ and interleuk...