BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and exposure to antiretroviral therapy. Mitochondrial dysfunction has not been widely studied in HIV-infected children. We estimated the incidence of clinically defined mitochondrial dysfunction among children with perinatal HIV infection. METHODS Children with perinatal HIV infecti...

AIM To describe the effect of HIV infection on maternal and perinatal disease in south west Tshwane. SETTING Southwest Tshwane has a low to low-middle income urban population and is served by Pretoria West and Laudium Midwife-Obstetric Units (MOUs) and Kalafong Hospital and fourteen primary care clinics which refer to those institutions. These are all public health institutions. METHODS Onl...

OBJECTIVE We sought to describe the current status of perinatal HIV exposure surveillance (PHES) activities and regulations in the United States and to make recommendations to strengthen PHES. METHODS In 2014, we sent an online survey to health departments in the 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and 6 cities and counties (Chicago, Illinois; Houston, Texas; Los Ang...

Introduction. The formation of isthmic-cervical insufficiency (ICI) in 80% is associated with intraamnial inflammation, this the subject discussion new mechanisms pathogenesis premature cervical remodeling. In regard, it interest to study relationship ICS intrauterine and cervicovaginal infections during pregnancy their impact on course outcomes pregnancy, which was purpose our study. Methods. ...

OBJECTIVE Despite dramatic reductions in perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in the United States, obstacles to perinatal HIV prevention that include lack of prenatal care; failure to test pregnant women for HIV before delivery; and lack of prenatal, intrapartum, or neonatal antiretroviral (ARV) use remain. The objective of this study was to describe trends in perinatal HI...

OBJECTIVE To analyze associations of maternal, fetal, gestational, and perinatal factors with necrotizing enterocolitis in a matched case-control study based on routinely collected, nationwide register data. STUDY DESIGN All infants born in 1987 through 2009 with a diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis in any of the Swedish national health care registers were identified. For each case up to ...

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, etiologies, clinical features and EEG findings of seizures among the neonates admitted to one medical center. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of neonates who were diagnosed to have neonatal seizure at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of one medical center in Taiwan from January to December 2015. The clinical pictures, laborato...

The majority of cases of pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are transmitted perinatally. 165 (76%) of the cases of AIDS in children under 13 years of age reported as of December 1, 1985, in the US had as the only known risk factor a mother from a high-risk group. However, perinatal transmission from an infected mother to her infant is not automatic; studies have placed the ra...

INTRODUCTION Perinatal transmission - from mother to fetus - is one of the main transmission routes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Lamivudine therapy has been reported to prevent the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women with a high viral load that can lead to perinatal transmission. METHODOLOGY This study sought to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and safety ...

BACKGROUND Small molecular CCR5 inhibitors represent a new class of drugs for treating HIV-1 infection. The evaluation of the primary resistance mutations associated with entry inhibitors during HIV-1 perinatal transmission is required because they may have a profound impact on the clinical management in MTCT. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the primary resistance mutations to maraviroc and vicriviroc...