We study the complexity of satisfiability in the expressive extension ICPDL of PDL (Propositional Dynamic Logic), which admits intersection and converse as program operations. Our main result is containment in 2EXP, which improves the previously known non-elementary upper bound and implies 2EXPcompleteness due to an existing lower bound for PDL with intersection. The proof proceeds by showing t...

treatment. The effect of PDL could be explained by its selective action on the telangiectatic component of the lesion, leading to destruction of the vessels that nourish the sebaceous hyperplasia. This treatment was recently described with in vivo confocal microscopy imaging before and after treatment with PDL, showing that a few minutes after application of the beam the vessels surrounding the...

The performance description language PDL provides a compact notation for the speciication of non-functional attributes of VLSI systems. This paper presents evaluation mechanisms which allow the designer to assert performance goals on PDL models of VLSI systems and determine if the constrained models are satissable. This is done by developing a PDL performance model and constructing a constraint...

In today's security protocols (also called “security ceremonies” when humans play a key role), different nodes may have capabilities: computers can encrypt and decrypt messages, whereas cannot; biometric device capture information, random number generator used in e-banking so on. Furthermore, even if node has the decryption capability, it must also know encryption to message. Actor-network proc...

BACKGROUND Low-fluence (low irradiation energy density) pulsed-dye lasers (PDLs) have been used for atrophic acne scarring, and anecdotal experience suggests that long-term improvements in inflammatory acne can be seen after one PDL treatment. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of such PDL treatment with sham treatment in patients with facial inflammatory acne in a double-blin...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the biological interaction of human osteoblasts and cells of the human periodontal ligament (PDL) with different endodontic restorative material as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, amalgam and composite over a time period of 20 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human PDL cells and osteoblasts were harvested, cultured and according to st...

The Process Description Language (PDL) [2] was developed as a Java extension for description of processes. It describes process as a set of activities that are partially ordered (in time) using a mechanism based on high level Petri Nets especially ICNets[1]. The aim of this paper is to give precise and formal definition of the PDL language semantics. For this purpose the theory of Abstract Stat...