Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes diarrhea in travelers, young children and piglets, but the precise pathogenesis of ETEC induced diarrhea is not fully known. Recent investigations have shown that tight junction (TJ) proteins and aquaporin 3 (AQP 3) are contributing factors in bacterial diarrhea. In this study, using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry analyses, we found that E...

Introduction Thyroid cancer is a malignant disease with poor prognosis. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) pathways are vital regulators of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Therefore the present study was designed to use dual inhibition of such pathways to kill thyroid cancer cells. Methods and materials The effects of each inhibitors on human ATC and...

Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocampus. In particular, age-dependent androgens deficiency causes cognitive impairments. Several enzymes like protein kinase C (PKC) are involved in memory deficiency. Indeed, PKC regulatory process mediates α-secretase activation to cleave APP in β-amyloid cascade and tau proteins phosphorylation mecha...

Metastasis means the dissemination of the cancer cells from one organ to another which is not directly connected to the primary site. Metastasis has a crucial role in the prognosis of cancer patients. A few theories, different types of cell and several molecular pathways have been proposed to explain the mechanism of metastasis. In this work, the related articles in the limited period of time, ...

Background: Although it has been shown that perioperative protocols enhance arthroplasty care and safety, it isnot known how prevalent their use is in safety net hospitals, which operate with a mandate to treat the poor andunderserved. Understanding the elements currently included in standard perioperative arthroplasty protocols at variousinstitutions may help guide future interventions and pol...

As one of the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective method, anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely studied and developed as a conventional technology to degrade biodegradable materials and produce biogas simultaneously. Various substrate sources are used in this process such as organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW), waste activated sludge (WAS), animal manures, agro-indus...

Background: A prerequisite for successful embryo implantation is adequate preparation of receptive endometrium and the establishment and maintenance of a viable embryo. The success of implantation further relies upon a two-way dialogue between the embryo and uterus. However, molecular bases of these preimplantation and implantation processes in humans are not well known. Materials and Methods: ...