We study a random even subgraph of a finite graph G with a general edge-weight p ∈ (0, 1). We demonstrate how it may be obtained from a certain random-cluster measure on G, and we propose a sampling algorithm based on coupling from the past. A random even subgraph of a planar lattice undergoes a phase transition at the parameter-value 12pc, where pc is the critical point of the q = 2 random-clu...

The underlying principle of the DR-LINK System is that retrieval must be at the conceptual level, not the word level. That is, a successful retrieval system must retrieve on the basis of what people mean in their query, not just what they say in their query. The same is true of documents their representation needs to capture the content at the conceptual level of expression. To accomplish this ...

In this article, we focus particularly on the instructional contexts of classrooms. We discuss five interrelated questions: (a) How has classroom context been defined? (b) Why is classroom context important to study? (c) How have classroom and instructional contexts been studied? (d) What are the essential components for studying the instructional contexts of classrooms? (e) What are the future...

The Emergence of Male Leadership in Competitive Environments We present evidence from an experiment in which groups select a leader to compete against the leaders of other groups in a real-effort task that they have all performed in the past. We find that women are selected much less often as leaders than is suggested by their individual past performance. We study three potential explanations f...

New U-Th-Pb zircon data (SIMS) from three intrusive phases of the Palaeoproterozoic Viterliden intrusion in the western Skellefte District, central Fennoscandian Shield, dates igneous emplacement in a narrow time interval at about 1.89 Ga. A locally occurring quartz-plagioclase porphyritic tonalite, here dated at 1889± 3 Ma, is considered the youngest of the intrusive units, based on the new ag...

The purpose of this chapter is to exemplify construction of selected Coupling-from-the-Past algorithms, using simple examples and discussing code which can be run in the statistical scripting language R. The simple examples are: symmetric random walk with two reflecting boundaries, a very basic continuous state-space Markov chain, the Ising model with external field, and random walk with negati...

What is the interaction between storage and computation in language processing? What is the psychological status of grammatical rules? What are the relative strengths of connectionist and symbolic models of cognition? How are the components of language implemented in the brain? The English past tense has served as an arena for debates on these issues. We defend the theory that irregular past-te...