1.1 Motivation The 3D modelling of objects and complex scenes constitutes a field of multi-disciplinary research full of challenges and difficulties, ranging from the accuracy and reliability of the geometry, the radiometric quality of the results up to the portability and cost of the products, without forgetting the aim of automatization of the whole procedure. To this end, a wide variety of p...

This survey paper aims at critically discussing the recent literature on firm formation and survival and the growth of new-born firms. The basic purpose is to single out the microeconomic entrepreneurial foundations of industrial dynamics (entry and exit) and to characterise the founder’s ex-ante features in terms of likely ex-post business performance. The main conclusion is that entry of new ...

Evolutionary biologists use Darwinian theory and functional design ("reverse engineering") analyses, to develop and test hypotheses about the adaptive functions of traits. Based upon a consideration of human social life and a functional design analysis of depression's core symptomatology we offer a comprehensive theory of its adaptive significance called the Social Navigation Hypothesis (SNH). ...

Procrastination became increasingly prevalent among students in recent years. However, little research was found that directly compares academic procrastination across different academic grade levels. The present study used a self-regulated learning perspective to compare procrastination types and associated motivation between undergraduate and graduate students. Sixty-six undergraduate a...

At first glance, this does not look like the kind of book which would help cognitive science researchers, as Ralph Ellis is Professor of Philosophy at Clark Atlanta University and has written mainly on consciousness, affect, motivation and thinking. But Ellis’ long-term interest in the philosophy of mind makes his observations refreshingly different. He emphasises a viewpoint and approach that ...

Catecholamines modulate the impact of motivational cues on action. Such motivational biases have been proposed to reflect cue-based, 'Pavlovian' effects. Here, we assess whether motivational biases may also arise from asymmetrical instrumental learning of active and passive responses following reward and punishment outcomes. We present a novel paradigm, allowing us to disentangle the impact of ...

Persistent drug-seeking behavior is hypothesized to co-opt the brain's natural reward-motivational system. Although ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons represent a crucial component of this system, the synaptic adaptations underlying natural rewards and drug-related motivation have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that self-administration of cocaine, but not passive cocai...

introduction: students learn similarly in terms of ability and talent, but they have many differences in academic achievement. these differences can be shown not only in school lessons but also in other extra-curricular activities. the present study aims to investigate the factors affecting academic motivation and achievement motivation in students of kermanshah university of medical sciences. ...

Recent research on entrepreneurship has focused largely on macro-level environmental forces. Although researchers adopting this focus have rightly criticized much of the existing empirical research on the role of human motivation in entrepreneurship, we believe that the development of entrepreneurship theory requires consideration of the motivations of people making entrepreneurial decisions. T...

Despite the important role of motivation in rehabilitation and functional outcomes in schizophrenia, to date, there has been little emphasis on how motivation is assessed. This is important, since different measures may tap potentially discrete motivational constructs, which in turn may have very different associations to important outcomes. In the current study, we used baseline data from 71 s...