Goal-directed self-motion through space is anything but a trivial task. What we take for granted in everyday life requires the complex interplay of different sensory and motor systems. On the sensory side most importantly a target of interest has to be localized relative to one's own position in space. On the motor side the most critical step in neural processing is to define and perform a move...

Previous evidence indicates that the brain stores memory in two complementary systems, allowing both rapid plasticity and stable representations at different sites. For memory to be established in a long-lasting neocortical store, many learning repetitions are considered necessary after initial encoding into hippocampal circuits. To elucidate the dynamics of hippocampal and neocortical contribu...

A 9-month-old infant had unilateral closed-lip schizencephaly in the right parietal lobe, which coexisted with an arteriovenous malformation in the nearby temporal area. Cranial MR showed a right parietal cleft lined with gray matter between the right lateral ventricle and the subarachnoid space, and cluster hypointensities throughout the right temporal lobe. Cerebral angiography revealed a rig...

Binocular depth perception is mediated by neural pathways that involve thalamic nuclei, the posterior parietal lobe and adjacent gyri, and white matter projections connecting these regions. Vascular dementia results from a variety of pathologic syndromes that can affect these areas, and in the current study is shown to produce associated impairment of stereoacuity or complete stereoblindness. S...

The incidence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in a general population was evaluated in brains of 400 consecutive autopsies of residents of Hisayama, Japan (November 1971-October 1983). Six samples taken from frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, hippocampus, and basal ganglia of the same side of each brain were stained with both hematoxylin and eosin and Congo red. The spec...

Emotion status influences important areas in our daily lives. Many researchers reported successful emotion classifications. The aim of this study is to find out the neurophysiological characteristics of the brain waves while affective pictures elucidate emotion. Four healthy college students volunteered the stimulus experiment with the standard IAPS affective pictures. All brain waves showed ac...

We evaluated the spatiotemporal distribution of photic driving (PDR), photoparoxysmal (PPR), and photoconvulsive (PCR) responses recorded by intracranial electrodes (ic-EEG) in a patient with generalized photosensitivity and right frontal lobe cortical dysplasia. Intermittent light stimulation (ILS) was performed thirteen times in nine days. Cortical responses to ILS recorded by ic-EEG were rev...

The processing of hierarchical stimuli was examined in patients with lesions in the temporal-parietal junction. In separate blocks of trials, subjects were instructed to identify the letter at the local or the global level of a hierarchical stimulus. Consistent with previous findings, reaction times for controls were faster in the globally than in the locally directed condition and reaction tim...

We have examined gender differences of cortical thickness using a 3-D surface-based method that enables more accurate measurement in deep sulci and localized regional mapping compared to volumetric analyses. Cortical thickness was measured using a direct method for calculating the distance between corresponding vertices from inner and outer cortical surfaces. We normalized cortical surfaces usi...

A continuous periodic motion stimulus can sometimes be perceived moving in the wrong direction. These illusory reversals have been taken as evidence that part of the motion perception system samples its inputs as a series of discrete snapshots -although other explanations of the phenomenon have been proposed, that rely on the spurious activation of low-level motion detectors in early visual are...