We assessed the frequency and distribution of infection with opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasites and the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, in HIV-seropositive and HIVseronegative subjects. Ageand sex-matched HIV-seropositive (n=78) and HIV-seronegative patients (n=78) from two hospitals in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, participated in this study from November 1998 to Aug...

Interleukin- (IL-) 10, anti-inflammatory cytokine, is known to inhibit the protective immune responses against malaria parasites and to be involved in exacerbating parasitemia during Plasmodium infection. In contrast, IL-10 is regarded as necessary for suppressing severe pathology during Plasmodium infection. Here, we summarize the role of IL-10 during murine malaria infection, focusing especia...

Theory predicts the bottom–up coupling of resource and consumer densities, and epidemiological models make the same prediction for host–parasite interactions. Empirical evidence that spatial variation in local host density drives parasite population density remains scarce, however. We test the coupling of consumer (parasite) and resource (host) populations using data from 310 populations of met...

Title of Document: THE INFLUENCE OF PARASITE-DERIVED CHEMOKINES IN LEISHMANIASIS Sean Martin Conrad, Doctor of Philosophy, 2006 Directed By: Professor David M. Mosser Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics Transgenic chemokine-secreting parasites were generated and used to actively recruit immune cells into Leishmania lesions. It was hypothesized that the chemokine induced cell migra...

Parasites depend on host-derived energy for growth and development, and so are potentially affected by the host's ability to acquire nutrients under competitive foraging scenarios. Although parasites might be expected to grow faster in hosts that are better at acquiring nutrients from natural ecosystems, it is also possible that the most competitive hosts are better at countering infections, if...

The Caspian frisian roach (Rutilus frisii kutum), economically a very important fish species in Iran, is propagated in fishponds, reared into the rivers in fingerling size and then harvested from the Caspian Sea in adult stage. We found six monogenean parasites on the Caspian frisian roach including five Dactylogyrus spp. on fingerlings cultured in fishponds and rivers and two Dactylogyrus spp....

Over a century since Ronald Ross discovered that malaria is caused by the bite of an infectious mosquito it is still unclear how the number of parasites injected influences disease transmission. Currently it is assumed that all mosquitoes with salivary gland sporozoites are equally infectious irrespective of the number of parasites they harbour, though this has never been rigorously tested. Her...

Pregnant women have an increased susceptibility to infection by Plasmodium falciparum. Parasites may be present in the placenta yet not detectable in peripheral blood smears by routine light microscopy. In order to determine how frequently misdiagnosis occurs, peripheral blood and placental samples were collected from 1,077 Cameroonian women at the time of giving birth and examined for the pres...

Although the family Trypanosomatidae includes parasites of plants, insects and vertebrates, only two genera in the family, Leishmania and Trypanosoma, are usually found in humans. Since 1995, however, other monoxenous trypanosomatids have been isolated from several HIV-positive individuals, in whom the parasites cause either visceral or cutaneous lesions. These odd cases are reviewed here. It a...

The effects of gastrointestinal parasties on feed intake and growth is well-established. emphasis here raising awareness that parasites do have body compositon meat quality atrributes. Body composition refers to the acceptable balance lean fat ratio when animals were parasitised or they free parasites. Rejection carcases due parasitism also covered. It was concluded parasitic infections at subc...