Gall wasps, or cynipids, form the second largest radiation of galling insects with more than 1300 described species. According to current views, the first cynipids were phytophagous and developed in herb stems of the Asteraceae without modifying plant growth or development. The first galls were supposedly multichambered stem swellings, and subsequent trends involved increase in gall complexity ...

papaverfugax poiret population tarom was shown to contain one major alkaloid, mecamberine (0.4%), and six minor alkaloids, roemerine, pronuciferine, protopine, thebaine, nornuciferine and salutaridine. nornuciferine was detected for the first time in p. fugax

In this work, a convenient method for determination of relative UV response factors (RRFs) of morphine, codeine, thebaine, oripavine, noscapine and papaverine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a diode array detector (DAD) was presented. Pholcodine was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors of the alkaloids. The separation of...

Papaver libanoticum is an endemic plant to Lebanese region (family Papaveraceae) that has not been investigated before. The present study aimed to explore the analgesic activity of dried ethanolic extract of Papaver libanoticum (PLE) using tail flick, hot plate, and acetic acid induced writhing models in mice. The involvement of opioid receptors in the analgesic mechanism was investigated using...

Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveraceae) is a medicinal herb used in various traditional systems of medicine to treat ulcer, cancer, oral infection, liver disorders, chronic bronchitis, asthma, etc. Different parts of this plant contain numerous therapeutically important alkaloidal constituents such as chelidonine, chelerythrine, sanguinarine, berberine and so on. The plant and its active compounds ...

Herbal hepatotoxicity is a rare and poorly described disease because reported cases are mostly scattered and lack an appropriate causality assessment. We now describe in detail the clinical picture of herbal hepatotoxicity by extracts of Greater Celandine (GC), syn. Chelidonium majus L. from the Papaveraceae family, which contain more than 20 ingredients including various biologically active is...