Pig, a high-level dataflow system built on top of Hadoop MapReduce, has greatly facilitated the implementation of data-intensive applications. Pig successfully manages to conceal Hadoop’s one input and two-stage inflexible pipeline limitations, by translating scripts into MapReduce jobs. However, these limitations are still present in the backend, often resulting in inefficient execution. Strat...

The Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT) is a high stakes summative assessment that was designed to measure pre-service teacher readiness. We examined the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of trained PACT evaluators who rated 19 candidates. As measured by Cohen’s weighted kappa, overall IRR estimate 0.17 (poor strength agreement). estimates ranged from −0.29 (worse than expected ch...

The article analyzes two concepts of the USSR’s policy towards its allies in Eastern Europe — “Brezhnev doctrine” and “Gorbachev doctrine”. Relying on declassified documents Politburo, author shows that these “doctrines” were direct opposites, their implementation led to different consequences. justification right intervene for sake saving socialism was substantiated 1968, but origin dates end ...

Abstract In 2020 the New Pact on Migration and Asylum was presented as a normalization of EU migration, asylum border management policies in EU, much-needed reform which is supposed to strike balance between security, solidarity protection human lives. The aim this article investigate what extent proposed changing modes trajectories securitization migration EU. doing so, it focuses specific sec...