Copper (Cu) is one of the essential trace metals required for plant growth. High amount Cu in media inhibits growth and toxic to plants. Brassica nigra L., a accumulator, can tolerate high have specific mechanisms relocate within cell compartments keep away from cytoplasm. This study aimed evaluate Cu-induced gene expression pattern B. Diyarbakir ecotype subjected low treatment. The Arabidopsis...

In this work a complete problem for an unambiguous logspace class is presented. This is surprising since unambiguity is a `promise' or`semantic' concept. These usually lead to classes apparently without complete problems.

We d escribe new methods for the e s t imation of the b o u nds of the coeecients of proper divisors of integer polynomials in one v ariable. There exist classes of poly-nomials for which our estimates are better than those obtained using t he polynomial measure or the 2-weighted norm.

Asexual lineages provide a challenge to species delimitation because species concepts either have little biological meaning for them or are arbitrary, since every individual is monophyletic and reproductively isolated from all other individuals. However, recognition and naming of asexual species is important to conservation and economic applications. Some scale insects are widespread and polyph...

We consider the problem of derandomizing random walks in the Euclidean space R. We show that for k = 2, and in some cases in higher dimensions, such walks can be simulated in Logspace using only poly-logarithmically many truly random bits. As a corollary, we show that the random walk can be deterministically simulated in space O(logn √ log log n), where 1/n is the desired precision of the simul...

In 1957 W.M. Hirsch conjectured that every d-polytope with n facets has edge-diameter at most n ? d. Recently Holt and Klee constructed polytopes which meet this bound for a number of (d; n) pairs with d 13 and for all pairs (14; n). These constructions involve a judicious use of truncation, wedging, and blending on polytopes which already meet the Hirsch bound. In this paper we extend these te...

Thousand cankers disease, caused by the invasive bark beetle Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman and an associated fungal pathogen Geosmithia morbida M.Kolařík, E. Freeland, C. Utley, N. Tisserat, currently threatens the health of eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) in North America. Both the beetle and pathogen have expanded beyond their native range via transport of infested walnut wood. Geo...

Saproxylic beetles are highly sensitive to forest management practices that reduce the abundance and variety of deadwood. However, this diverse fauna continues to receive little attention in the southeastern United States even though this region supports some of the most diverse, productive and intensively managed forests in North America. In this replicated three-way factorial experiment, we i...