BACKGROUND In Islamic countries alcohol consumption is considered as against religious values. Therefore, estimation of frequency of alcohol consumptions using direct methods is prone to different biases. In this study, we indirectly estimated the frequency of alcohol use in Iran, in network of a representative sample using network scale up (NSU) method. METHODS In a national survey, about 40...

Ameliorating pressures on the ecological condition of the wider landscape outside of protected areas is a key focus of conservation initiatives in the developed world. In highly urbanized nations, domestic gardens can play a significant role in maintaining biodiversity and facilitating human-wildlife interactions, which benefit personal and societal health and well-being. The extent to which so...

Polio eradication goals: IAP strongly believes that polio will be eradicated from India and that it will happen sooner or later, sooner the better. IAP also has full faith in the current polio eradication goals. IAP firmly believes that the 4 pronged strategy of polio eradication consisting of effective routine immunization, Supplementary Immunization Activity (SIA), AFP surveillance and mop-up...

The authors wish to inform readers that there is an error in the chemical structures shown in Figure 4 of this paper [1]. The structure shown in the bottom left corner is an extremely unlikely type of radical. Following the proposed route, it should yield an ortho-quinone (without the unpaired electron) and a pyranosyl sugar free radical. The ortho-quinone should then undergo nucleophilic attac...

A pilot-scale primary maturation pond was spiked with (15)N-labelled ammonia ((15)NH(4)Cl) and (15)N-labelled nitrite (Na(15)NO(2)), in order to improve current understanding of the dynamics of inorganic nitrogen transformations and removal in WSP systems. Stable isotope analysis of delta(15)N showed that nitrification could be considered as an intermediate step in WSP, which is masked by simul...

From in silico docking and COMPARE analysis, novel inhibitors of human NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) have been identified from the NCI compound database, the most potent of which has an observed IC(50) of 0.7muM. The inhibitors exhibit a diverse range of scaffolds. The ability of docking calculations to predict experimentally determined binding affinities for NQO1 is discussed, consider...

Azoreductase activity in the ceca of mice lacking lactobacilli as members of the normal microflora (reconstituted-lactobacillus-free [RLF] mice) was compared with that of RLF mice whose gastrointestinal tracts were colonized by strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus fermentum. Azoreductase activity was 31% lower in the ceca of mice colonized by lactobacilli.

1 N. S. Bryan Molecular Medicine Center for Cell Signaling, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas–Houston Health Science Center, 1825 Pressler St. 530B, Houston 77030 [email protected] Dietary Nitrite and Nitrate: From Menace t...

BACKGROUND Research on the influence of the physical environment on physical activity is rapidly expanding and different measures of environmental perceptions have been developed, mostly in the US and Australia. The purpose of this paper is to (i) provide a literature review of measures of environmental perceptions recently used in European studies and (ii) develop a questionnaire for populatio...