Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important trace-gas pollutant and climate agent whose presence also leads to spectral interference in ocean color retrievals. NO2 column densities have been retrieved with satellite UV–Vis spectrometers such as the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Tropospheric (TROPOMI) that typically resolutions of order 0.5 nm or better spatial footprints small 3.6 km ×...

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the success rate of orthodontic microimplants (OMIs) using panoramic radiographs (PRs). Methods We examined 160 OMIs inserted bilaterally in the maxillary buccal alveolar bone between the second premolars and first molars of 80 patients (51 women, 29 men; mean age, 18.0 ± 6.1 years) undergoing treatment for malocclusio...

Abstract. We examine whether the individual ozone (O3) measurements from the four Aura instruments can quantify the stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) flux of O3, an important term of the tropospheric O3 budget. The level 2 (L2) Aura swath data and the nearly coincident ozone sondes for the years 2005–2006 are compared with the 4-D, high-resolution (1×1×40-layer× 0.5 h) model simulation of...

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a gas pollutant that can be measured from space and several operational products are now available instruments on-board of satellite-based platforms. There still, however, many unknowns about the accuracy these under different viewing surface conditions since ground-based observations generally scarce. This particularly case high-altitude sub-tropical megacities such a...

Abstract. Satellite estimates of surface UV irradiance have been available since 1978 from the TOMS spectrometer and continued with significantly improved ground resolution using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI 2004–current) Sentinel 5 Precursor (S5P 2017–current). The retrieval algorithm remains essentially same: it first clear-sky based on measured ozone then accounts for attenuation by clou...

BACKGROUND Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation plays a multifaceted role in human health, inducing DNA damage and representing the primary source of vitamin D for most humans; however, current U.S. UV exposure models are limited in spatial, temporal, and/or spectral resolution. Area-to-point (ATP) residual kriging is a geostatistical method that can be used to create a spatiotemporal exposure model ...