Adopting reasonable strategies is challenging but crucial for an intelligent agent with limited resources working in hazardous, unstructured, and dynamic environments to improve the system's utility, decrease overall cost, increase mission success probability. This paper proposes a novel hierarchical strategy decomposition approach based on Bayesian chain rule separate intricate policy into sev...

this paper introduces discretionary imprecise data in data envelopment analysis (dea) and discusses the efficiency evaluation of decision making units (dmus) with non-discretionary imprecise data. then, suggests a method for evaluation the efficiency of dmus with non-discretionary imprecise data. when some inputs and outputs are imprecise and non-discretionary, the dea model becomes non-linear ...

the purpose of this paper is to investigate the challengesand problems of nonprofit institutes and universities. the researchmethod is a survey in which non-profit institutes’ strategy wasdetermined based on swot analysis. the research populationincluded all faculty members and administrators of non-profitinstitutes, 108 of which were selected based on clustering and simplerandom sampling metho...

Let $S(G^{sigma})$ be the skew-adjacency matrix of the oriented graph $G^{sigma}$, which is obtained from a simple undirected graph $G$ by assigning an orientation $sigma$ to each of its edges. The skew energy of an oriented graph $G^{sigma}$ is defined as the sum of absolute values of all eigenvalues of $S(G^{sigma})$. Two oriented graphs are said to be skew equienergetic iftheir skew energies...

This paper proposes a pooling strategy for local descriptors to produce a vector representation that is orientation-invariant yet implicitly incorporates the relative angles between features measured by their dominant orientation. This pooling is associated with a similarity metric that ensures that all the features have undergone a comparable rotation. This approach is especially effective whe...