Ionic liquids can form biphasic solvent systems with many organic solvents and water, and these solvent systems can be used in liquid-liquid separations and countercurrent chromatography. The wide range of ionic liquids that can by synthesised, with specifically tailored properties, represents a new philosophy for the separation of organic, inorganic and bio-based materials. A customised counte...

Insolubilized cr-chymotrypsin bound to porous glass gel has been prepared. The kinetic behavior of this fixed enzyme proved to be the same as that of the free enzyme. The effects of aprotic dipolar organic solvents on the kinetics of cr-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis were successfully studied using this insolubilized enzyme at concentrations up to 95% v/v dioxane, taking advantage of the ina...

Free radical polymerization of ethylene in an intermediate pressure and temperature range (P(ethylene) < 250 bar and 50 °C < T < 90 °C) in the presence of an organic solvent has been studied. Under selected conditions (P, T) and according to the amount of organic solvent added, either a supercritical monophasic or a biphasic medium is obtained. In the case of a biphasic medium, polymerization o...

The development of tolerance in Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1 to toluene and related highly toxic compounds involves short- and long-term responses. The short-term response is based on an increase in the rigidity of the cell membrane by rapid transformation of the fatty acid cis-9,10-methylene hexadecanoic acid (C17:cyclopropane) to unsaturated 9-cis-hexadecenoic acid (C16:1,9 cis) and subsequent t...

Visual ability has increasingly become very important in recent years in industry which has become highly automated with the rapid introduction of computers. On the other hand, visual disorders due to occupational activity pose a serious occupational health problem. Many cases of visual disorders due to organic solvent poisoning have been reported, but there are few systematic studies on them. ...

Insolubilized cr-chymotrypsin bound to porous glass gel has been prepared. The kinetic behavior of this fixed enzyme proved to be the same as that of the free enzyme. The effects of aprotic dipolar organic solvents on the kinetics of cr-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis were successfully studied using this insolubilized enzyme at concentrations up to 95% v/v dioxane, taking advantage of the ina...

Twenty-two benzene-utilizing bacteria were isolated from soil samples. Among them, three isolates were highly tolerant to benzene. They grew on benzene when liquid benzene was added to the basal salt medium at 10--90% (v/v). Taxonomical analysis identified the benzene-tolerant isolates as Rhodococcus opacus. One of the benzene-tolerant isolates, designated B-4, could utilize many aromatic and a...

The introduction of organic solvents into an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) has been studied. Limiting aspiration rates for various organic solvents were determined for a Hildebrand nebuliser with a mini-Pyrex spray chamber, a cooled Pyrex spray chamber and a large Pyrex spray chamber. Detection limits for metal species were determined. Linear dynamic ranges were found to be at least 3-4 orde...

The effects of regular organic solvents on the metabolic activities of various human cytochromes P450 (P450s) have been reported. However, very little is known about their influence on metabolic activities mediated by P450s in the rat liver microsomes (RLM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ac...

The effects of regular organic solvents on the metabolic activities of various human cytochromes P450 (P450s) have been reported. However, very little is known about their influence on metabolic activities mediated by P450s in the rat liver microsomes (RLM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ac...