The electron spin resonance technique shows that the heat denaturation of oxyhemoglobin involves (a) oxidation to methemoglobin or related material (high spin ferric), (b) conversion to low spin ferric species in an irreversible step, and (c) further changes in these low spin species under drastic conditions. The last two occurrences are observed with methemoglobin. The electron spin resonance ...

Ionic liquids are salts in a liquid state, combinations of cations and anions that are liquid at temperatures below 100 oC. Thus, they have been called Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs, or just ILs) in order to differentiate them from traditional salts, which melt at much higher temperatures and receive the name of “molten salts”. In contrast to conventional or‐ ganic solvents, ILs usually...

Although aliphatic amines have been detected in both urban and rural atmospheric aerosols, little is known about the chemistry leading to particle formation or the potential aerosol yields from reactions of gas-phase amines. We present here the first systematic study of aerosol formation from the atmospheric reactions of amines. Based on laboratory chamber experiments and theoretical calculatio...

As is well known, otoliths are composed in most vertebrates of calcium salts which are in the form of carbonates. Yet, Hastings (1935) in Amblystoma tigrinum and Carlstrom & Engstrom (1955) in Petromyzon found otoliths in these species to be made of calcium phosphate. From a crystallographic point of view the researches of these two authors have provided evidence that the otoliths of birds, of ...

The objective of this study was to examine whether ion pair complexation with endogenous bile salts in hepatocytes contributes to the preferential biliary excretion of organic cations (OCs). Tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA; mol wt 200) and triethylmethylammonium (TEMA; mol wt 116) were selected as model OCs that exhibit significant and negligible biliary excretion, respectively, in rats. The appa...

Elementary sulphur and some of its inorganic compounds have long been of practical importance for the control of parasitic and saprophytic fungi, but the use of organic compounds of sulphur is of more recent origin. Compounds such as tetramethylthiuram disulphide and certain metallic salts of dithiocarbamic acids are now of commercial importance in this connexion (Tisdale & Flenner, 1942; Rober...

As is well known, otoliths are composed in most vertebrates of calcium salts which are in the form of carbonates. Yet, Hastings (1935) in Amblystoma tigrinum and Carlstrom & Engstrom (1955) in Petromyzon found otoliths in these species to be made of calcium phosphate. From a crystallographic point of view the researches of these two authors have provided evidence that the otoliths of birds, of ...

Germanium is well-known for its good electronic properties, but also for the poor passivationquality of its natural or thermally-grown oxide layer. The robust passivation of Ge surfaces isthus a crucial step on the way to its integration in electronics at nanoscale. Before passivation,the natural oxide layer must be removed from the surface. Different methods wereinvestigate...

The trace minerals zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium are components of a wide variety of enzymes and proteins that support metabolism, growth, production, and reproduction. Trace mineral supplements are added to dairy cattle rations to prevent mineral deficiencies, and supplementation has traditionally been provided in the form of inorganic salts. When these inorganic salts dissociate in th...