Dose reconstruction is a comprehensive analysis of the exposure received by individuals in the vicinity of facilities that release contaminants to the environment (i.e., real doses to real people).Performing dose reconstruction analyses which are extremely important elements for improving efficiency in radiological emergencies and accidents have been studied in this paper. For dose reconstructi...

New mathematical phantoms based on medical image data are allowing evaluation of internal and external dose calculations using better anatomic realism and inclusion of organs that were not previously defined. In this work, we show preliminary data for new radiation dose estimates for radiopharmaceuticals and CT examinations, using Monte Carlo radiation simulation routines developed in the Geant...

PURPOSE We aimed to determine the effective dose given to patients during neuroradiological C-arm computed tomography (CT) procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurements were performed on 48 patients using a dose-area product (DAP) meter. A PC-based Monte Carlo program (PCXMC, STUK, Helsinki, Finland) was used to calculate the effective dose from the DAP values of each patient. Organ doses we...

BACKGROUND The impact of interleukin (IL)-6 on skeletal muscle function remains the subject of controversy. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of 7-day subcutaneous administration of recombinant human IL-6 were examined at 3 doses, 50, 100, or 250 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1), in rats. Skeletal muscle mass decreased dose-dependently (with increasing dose: in the diaphragm, -10%, P=NS; -15%, P=0.0561;...

Introduction: Nowadays ionizing radiation has a considerable contribution in medical diagnostic and treatment. Using ionizing radiation is increasing rapidly, so biological effects of ionizing radiation should be considered more. X-rays in the range of diagnostic radiology have hazardous effects and risks that are defined as random effects. These effects obey the LNT hypothesis that occur at lo...

In the pineal organ, two types of ganglion cell exhibit antagonistic chromatic responses to UV and green light, and achromatic responses to visible light. In this study, we histologically characterized UV-sensitive photoreceptor cells that contain a unique non-visual UV pigment, lamprey parapinopsin, in order to elucidate the neural network that is associated with antagonistic chromatic respons...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the human organ absorbed dose of [111In]In-DTPA-antiMUC1, as a newly developed radioimmunoconjugate. Methods: [111In]In-DTPA-antiMUC1 was prepared at optimized conditions while the radiochemical purity of the tracer was investigated using ITLC method. Biodistribution of the radiolab...

background: symmetrical peripheral gangrene is usually associated with underlying medical problems and it is seldom seen in pregnancy. sepsis though common in a setting of delivery by unskilled midwife is rarely accompanied by symmetrical gangrene. case presentation: we report a case of symmetrical peripheral gangrene which occurred in the winter, triggered possibly by sepsis and a single dose ...