Repetitive arm movement and force exertion are common in meat cutting tasks and often lead to musculosketal disorders. In this study, the effects of the workbench height and the cutting direction on the levels of muscular activation of the upper extremity during meat cutting tasks were investigated. Seven subjects performed 4 trials of 20s each at the 4 different heights (0 cm, −10 cm, −20 cm a...

Many manufactured products require machining at some stage of their production sequence. Generally, machining ranges from relatively rough cleaning of castings to high-precision micromachining of mechanical components that require narrow tolerances. It is estimated that of all machining processes about 40% pertain to turning. Turning is the most common way for processing rotational (symmetrical...

The Enhancing Visual Acuity (EVA) System (Dutch Ophthalmic Research Centre International B.V.) features a unique fluid control system - VacuFlow Valve Timing Intelligence (VTi®) - and represents the next-generation evolution of pump machines. VacuFlow VTi® overcomes the limitations of existing Venturi and peristaltic pumps and provides the potential to enable safer, faster, and more precise tec...

Aspects are originally introduced to capture cross-cutting concerns among classes. Often this cross-cutting concerns ends up being non-functional requirements. We can use Softgoal Interdependency Graphs(SIG) to systematically analyze and design non-functional requirements. In this paper, we propose a set of rules that could be used to capture the information in SIGs as classpects. Then the clas...

A considerable amount of energy consumed by machine tools is attributable to non-cutting operations, including tool path, tool change, and change of spindle rotation speed. The non-cutting energy consumption of the machine tool (NCE) is affected by the processing sequence of the features of a specific part (PFS) because the plans of non-cutting operations will vary based on the different PFS. T...

The reduction of environmental burdens is required to mitigate global warming, ozone layer depletion and etc. in manufacturing fields. Hence, prediction system of environmental burden for machining operation has been developed based on LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) policy in this research. The prediction system can evaluate cutting conditions from the view points of environmental burden due to el...

an irreversible stirling heat pump cycle using ferromagnetic materials as a cyclic working substance is established. the influences of finite-rate heat transfer, heat leak, regeneration time, regenerative lossand the internal irreversibility on the cyclic performance of magnetic heat pumps are taken into account. on the basis of the thermodynamic properties of ferromagnetic materials, the perfo...

We first present and analyze a central cutting surface algorithm for general semi-infinite convex optimization problems, and use it to develop an algorithm for distributionally robust optimization problems in which the uncertainty set consists of probability distributions with given bounds on their moments. The cutting surface algorithm is also applicable to problems with non-differentiable sem...

Assumption of cutting disturbances in hard turning process (caused by variations in depth of cutting, high passive force Fp or small tool nose radius) could be confirmed with several indicators. These indicators can be monitored during turning process(forces, vibrations, sound, etc.) or after process has been finished (roughness, temperature, wear, etc). Variation of depth of cutting as well as...

Aplysia feeding behavior is highly variable from cycle to cycle. In some cycles, when the variability causes a mismatch between the animal's movements and the requirements of the feeding task, the variability makes the behavior unsuccessful. We propose that the behavior is variable nevertheless because the variability serves a higher-order functional purpose. When the animal is faced with a new...