Tao Geng,1,2 Songlin Zhuang,2 Jie Gao,1 and Xiaodong Yang1,* 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA 2Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical Systems, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China (Rec...

From the benign annoyance of a reflection off your car’s instrument panel window to the image-destroying reflections off of multiple optical components in a microscope, unwanted reflections plague our lives. Minimizing reflections has become a multimillion dollar industry. Scientific instruments with several optical components, such as modern confocal microscopes and, more commonly, television ...

With the advent of large submillimeter telescopes at high, dry sites, the atmospheric background noise in a moderate bandwidth can be low enough to challenge the ability of instrument designers to produce su ciently low noise bolometers to be background limited. We compare the predictions for the noise power of a bolometer observing through an emissive atmosphere, considering the e ect of atmos...

We describe simultaneous quantitative phase contrast and multiphoton fluorescence imaging by combined spectral-domain optical coherence phase and multiphoton microscopy. The instrument employs two light sources for efficient optical coherence microscopic and multiphoton imaging and can generate structural and functional images of transparent specimens in the epidirection. Phase contrast imaging...

The optical principles of indirect ophthalmoscopy were mastered by Gullstrand (I 9 I I) although his ophthalmoscope did not achieve wide popularity because of its complexity and limited field of view. Schepens (I947) demonstrated his binocular indirect ophthalmoscope 2I years ago in the United States of America. The instrument described here is a further stage in simplification (Figs I and 2). ...

Single-molecule detection (SMD) has demonstrated some attractive benefits for many types of biomolecular analyses including enhanced processing speed by eliminating processing steps, elimination of ensemble averaging and single-molecule sensitivity. However, it's wide spread use has been hampered by the complex instrumentation required for its implementation when using fluorescence as the reado...

We introduce the notion of Shader Lamps Virtual Patients (SLVP) - the combination of projector-based Shader Lamps Avatars and interactive virtual humans. This paradigm uses Shader Lamps Avatars technology to give a 3D physical presence to conversational virtual humans, improving their social interactivity and enabling them to share the physical space with the user. The paradigm scales naturally...

A differential method was used to investigate the focal ratio degradation (FRD) exhibited by, and throughput of, a selection of current-generation optical fibres. These fibres were tested to establish which would be best suited to feed the High Resolution Spectrograph being built for the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT), as well as for future instruments on WIYN and SALT. The double re-i...

Reference-frequency generation for optical fiber instrumentation is now restricted to the frequency bands in which the reference materials have well-resolved absorption lines. We study analytically and experimentally the possibility of generating reference wavelengths by use of Raman-enhanced four-photon mixing in an optical fiber. We show that it is possible to generate efficiently frequencies...

The Segmented Mirror Telescope (SMT) housed at the Naval Postgraduate School is a unique, state-of-the-art optical instrument built to explore new technologies needed for future spacebased telescopes. A discrete Fourier transform wavefront reconstruction technique developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is discussed in this thesis as applied to a hexagonal aperture. A Fourier domain...