Different diseases of the optic disc may be caused by or lead to abnormal vasculature at the optic nerve head. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel technology that provides high resolution mapping of the retinal and optic disc vessels. Recent studies have shown the ability of OCTA to visualize vascular abnormalities in different optic neuropathies. In addition, quantified ...

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to any insult to the optic nerve secondary to trauma. The incidence of TON after traumatic head injury in various studies ranges from 0.5-2.3%. An impact injury to the optic nerve often resulting in significant visual loss and even blindness.The vast majority of TON cases are seen in males,around thirty years of age. TON can be classified depending on the...

Suppression of oxidative injury by viral-mediated transfer of the human catalase gene was tested in the optic nerves of animals with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of primary central nervous system demyelination that has been frequently used as an animal model for the human disease multiple sclerosis (MS). The optic nerve is a frequent ...

A 14-year-old who had 7episodes of relapsing unita­leral paralysis of facial nerve during 7 year-;. was admit­ted to the hospital. The X-Ray revealed Osteopetrosis, and the bone biopsy was proved this diagnosis. But there was not any bone fracture, or anemia. Pressure over fa­cial nerve caused by condensation of entire facial nerve canal. was detected by tomographia. Probablv intermitant facial...

Tritiated leucine was injected into the vitreous of rhesus monkey eyes to make it available for protein synthesis by the ganglion cells. The short posterior ciliary arteries were cut three hours later or several weeks prior to the leucine injection. A reduction of labeled protein within the retrolaminar optic nerve was seen in all eyes so treated. Autoradiography revealed a diffuse reduction of...

Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a widespread visually disabling disease in the middleaged and elderly population. Based on clinical observations by Hayreh, Beck, Savino and others, a low cup/disc diameter ratio and a small optic disc have been described to be structural factors associated with the disease. The physiological correlation between disc size and cup/disc...

Purpose To use finite element (FE) analysis to predict the optic nerve sheath traction forces that act on the optic nerve head (ONH) following horizontal eye movements, and the resulting stress levels in the peripapillary connective tissues of the ONH (Bruch's membrane [BM] and sclera). Methods An FE model of a healthy eye was reconstructed in primary gaze position that included details from ...

PURPOSE Visual impairment and intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome is a health concern for long-duration spaceflight, and a proposed risk factor is elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP). Our goal was to use finite element modeling to simulate how elevated ICP and interindividual differences affect tissue deformation within the optic nerve head (ONH). METHODS We considered three ICP condit...

Introduction: Retinal arterio-venous malformations (AVMs) are rare, congenital, high-flow congenital developmental vascular anomalies without intervening capillary bed also known as racemose angioma, They unilateral, nonhereditary lesions located anywhere in retina and may involve optic nerve.
 Case report: A 55 year old male was found to have abnormal malformation over nerve head his left...