Neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus cannot perform the spatial color calculations necessary for color contrast and color constancy. Under neutral-adapting conditions, we mapped the cone inputs (L, M, and S) to 83 cone-opponent cells representing the central visual field of the next stage of visual processing, primary visual cortex (V1), to determine how the color signals are spatially tra...

While human players adjust their playing strategy according to their opponent computer programs which are based on the minimax algorithm use tha same playing strategy against a novice as against an expert This is due to the assumption of minimax that the opponent uses the same strategy as the player This work studies the problem of opponent modelling in game playing We recursively de ne a playe...

Argument dialogues provide a principled way of structuring rational interactions between participants (be they human or machine), each arguing over the validity of certain claims, with each agent aiming for an outcome that achieves their dialogue goal (e.g., to persuade the other participant to accept their point of view [8], or to reach agreement on an action to perform [2]). Achievement of an...

UNLABELLED Context plays a pivotal role in many decision-making scenarios, including social interactions wherein the identities and strategies of other decision makers often shape our behaviors. However, the neural mechanisms for tracking such contextual information are poorly understood. Here, we investigated how opponent identity affects human reinforcement learning during a simulated competi...

While researchers have looked at many aspects of argumentation, an area often neglected is that of argumentation strategies. That is, given multiple possible arguments that an agent can put forth, which should be selected in what circumstances. In this paper we propose a heuristic that implements one such strategy. The heuristic is built around opponent modelling, and operates by selecting the ...

In various competitive game contexts, gathering information about one’s opponent and relying on it for planning a strategy has been the dominant approach for numerous researchers who deal with what in game theoretic terms is known as the best response problem. This approach is known as opponent modelling. The general idea is given a model of one’s adversary to rely on it for simulating the poss...

Artificially intelligent opponents in commercial computer games are almost exclusively controlled by manuallydesigned scripts. With increasing game complexity, the scripts tend to become quite complex too. As a consequence they often contain “holes” that can be exploited by the human player. The research question addressed in this paper reads: How can evolutionary learning techniques be applied...