BACKGROUND Various ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVD) are used to perform phacoemulsification and other intraocular surgeries. We performed a study to compare the efficacy and safety of three ophthalmic viscosurgical devices that are routinely used in phacoemulsification. METHODS Fifty-six patients of immature senile cataract with hard nucleus (grade 3 and 4) who underwent phacoemulsifica...

PURPOSE Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is often associated with low bone mineral content and density (BMC, BMD). Bracing, used to manage spine curvature, may interfere with the growth-related BMC accrual, resulting in reduced bone strength into adulthood. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of brace treatment on BMC in adult women, diagnosed with AIS and braced in early a...

BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-metabolite drug widely used in treatment of neoplastic disorders, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. The ester derivative, ethyl pyruvate (EP) is stable in solution and should function as an antioxidant and energy precursor. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of EP on sperm parameters, testosterone level and malondialdehyde (MDA) p...

The purpose of the study was to identify NANDA I diagnoses, NOC outcomes, and NIC interventions used in nursing care plans for ICU patient care and determine the factors which influenced the change of the NOC outcome scores. This study was a retrospective and descriptive study using clinical data extracted from the electronic patient records of a large acute care hospital in the Midwest. Freque...

INTRODUCTION Elderly subjects are considered a vulnerable group and they have more risk of nutritional problems. The risk of malnutrition increases in hospitalized geriatric patients. OBJECTIVES To compare the correlation between MNA and GNRI with anthropometric, biochemical and Barthel Index in hospitalized geriatric patients and to test the concordance between MNA and GNRI and between Mini ...

BACKGROUND Ficus benghalensis L. (Banyan) is a commonly found tree in Eastern Nepal. Its different plant parts are used for various neurological ailments. This study was performed in mice to see its effects in various neuropharmacological parameters. METHODS Passive-avoidance (memory), Open-field (anxiety), Pentobarbital-induced Sleep potentiation (sleep), Rota-rod (muscle-co-ordination), Pen...

BACKGROUND Many studies have demonstrated that chemokines and their receptors play important roles in breast cancer. However, few of them focus on the concentration change of chemokines along breast cancer evolvement, especially for primary breast cancer. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of chemokines and their receptors on different stage of primary breast cancer, and to find ...