The perfectly synchronized round model provides the powerful abstraction of crash-stop failures with atomic message delivery. This abstraction makes distributed programming very easy. We present an implementation of this abstraction in a distributed system with general message omissions. Protocols devised using our abstraction (i.e., in the perfectly synchronized round model) are automatically ...

Improved glycemic control in people with diabetes delays the onset and progression of severe microvascular complications of diabetes (1,2). Despite advances in pharmacotherapy and diabetes treatment devices and the emphasis placed on treatment adherence over the last decade, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data showed 45% of patients with diabetes did not achieve glyce...

Psychological considerations suggest that the omission of rewards in humans comprises two effects: first, an allocentric effect triggering learning and behavioural changes potentially processed by dopaminergic neurons according to the prediction error theory; second, an egocentric effect representing the individual's emotional reaction, commonly called frustration. We investigated this second e...

OBJECTIVE This study compares the performance in a continuous performance test within a virtual reality classroom (CPT-VRC) between medicated children with ADHD, unmedicated children with ADHD, and healthy children. METHOD N = 94 children with ADHD (n = 26 of them received methylphenidate and n = 68 were unmedicated) and n = 34 healthy children performed the CPT-VRC. Omission errors, reaction...

Current psychological accounts of causal representation and reasoning do not capture phenomena related to causation by omission (e.g., “The absence of breathing causes death”), with one exception (Wolff, Barbey, & Hausknecht, 2010). We describe a novel theory of omissive causation that posits that people build discrete mental simulations – mental models – of causal relations (Goldvarg & Johnson...