Different concentrations of oily waste were added in a discontinuous mode and recurrently to anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactors fed with cow manure and food waste. Four continuous stirred tank reactors were run in parallel. A control reactor (R1) received no additional oil and R2, R3 and R4 received increasing concentrations of oil in two different experimental approaches. First, the li...

Solid waste is generated at a rate of more than 4 lb per person per day. A significant portion of the non-recyclable waste is food waste, with high water content and low energy density. While most thermochemical conversion processes require a relatively dry feedstock, hydrothermal liquefaction uses subcritical water as the reaction medium and is therefore compatible with high-moisture feedstock...

1.1 Historical background In a historical perspective, biogas has been produced since the second half of the 19th century. India and China were among the pioneering countries, where biogas produced from manure and kitchen waste for long time has been used as a fuel for gas cookers and lamps. In Sweden, biogas has been produced at municipal waste water treatment plants since the 1960’s. The prim...

Initial results are presented for the production of hydrogen from waste lubricating oil using a chemical looping reforming (CLR) process. The development of flexible and sustainable sources of hydrogen will be required to facilitate a ‘hydrogen economy’. The novel CLR process presented in this paper has an advantage over hydrogen production from conventional steam reforming because CLR can use ...

Sub-critical water (sub-CW) technology was used as a new technology with environmental and financial benefits for the recovery of harmful heavy metal ions Cd (II), Zn (II), Cu (II), Fe (II), Mn (II) and Ni (II) in the waste of Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. The metals are responsible for environmental problems owing to the large amount of the waste. This study proposes a new method u...