Perpetrators of Factitious Disorder by proxy are usually driven by motives such as garnering attention, mobilizing sympathy, acting out anger or controlling others. Widespread media coverage provides an opportunity for fulfilling all these needs. We describe a case of Factitious Disorder by proxy with a rather unusual ocular complaint. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the presentation may...

Injectable hydrogels have gained popularity for their controlled release, targeted delivery, and enhanced mechanical properties. They hold promise in cardiac regeneration, joint diseases, postoperative analgesia, ocular disorder treatment. Hydrogels enriched with nano-hydroxyapatite show potential bone addressing challenges of defects, osteoporosis, tumor-associated regeneration. In wound manag...

In xeroderma pigmentosum, a rare genodermatosis, transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder, excessive solar damage to the skin develops at an early age. The disease is characterized by cutaneous, ocular, neurological and oral changes. Oral features in the form of early development of squamous cell carcinoma, usually at the lower lip and tip of the tongue may be seen. The disorder is associ...

CHARGE syndrome is a congenital disorder caused by mutation of the chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene and is characterized by multiple anomalies including ocular coloboma, heart defects, choanal atresia, retarded growth and development, genital and/or urological abnormalities, ear anomalies, and hearing loss. In the present study, 76% of subjects had some type of endocrine ...

Keratoconus has been associated with various ocular and systemic disorders. It has been linked, in a few cases, with floppy eyelid syndrome (a disorder characterized by a soft rubbery upper tarsus, papillary conjunctivitis and obesity). A 40-year-old male presented with a complaint of gradually decreasing vision in the right eye. An intermittent right exotropia had become constant and he was un...

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by neonatal onset intractable seizures, severe psychomotor retardation, dysmorphic facies, and dislocated ocular lenses. A characteristic biochemical profile permits early diagnosis. Although more than 100 genetically characterized patients have been reported, this number is discrepant with the actual pre...

Möbius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by congenital facial weakness with impairment of ocular abduction. It is considered as a rhombencephalic disorder, and is often accompanied with hypoplasia of the pons and cerebellum. Here we report a male infant who had congenital facial asymmetry with absence of right-sided expression. Evident developmental delay was also found. The ...

Background: Conversion disorder is a rare condition and consequently is often misdiagnosed. Patients suffer from neurological symptoms in the absence of an organic cause. Symptoms arise in response to a stressful or traumatic situation affecting the patient’s mental health which converts to a physical problem. Although it is a psychiatric condition, conversion disorder typically affects motor o...

Background and objective:Many biochemical features of sulfur mustard (SM) intoxication remained unknown. So far, the direct association between biochemical parameter changes and ocular problems in patients exposed to SM is not evaluated.The current study aimed at evaluating the associations between the ocular findings in patients with SM intoxication and the changes of...