In the most described maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods in the literatures, the optimal operation point of the photovoltaic (PV) systems is estimated by linear approximations. However, these approximations can lead to less optimal operating conditions and significantly reduce the performances of the PV systems. This paper proposes a new approach to determine the maximum power point (M...

Abstract. Solar energy has become a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuel sources. Solar panels are used to collect solar radiation and convert it into electricity. One of the techniques used to maximize the effectiveness of this energy alternative is to maximize the power output of the solar collector. In this project the maximum power is calculated by determining the voltage and t...

A low-power low-cost highly efficient maximum power point tracker (MPPT) to be integrated into a photovoltaic (PV) panel is proposed. This can result in a 25% energy enhancement compared to a standard photovoltaic panel, while performing functions like battery voltage regulation and matching of the PV array with the load. Instead of using an externally connected MPPT, it is proposed to use an i...

in a graph g = (v,e), a subset s  v is said to be an open packing set if no two vertices of s have a common neighbour in g. the maximum cardinality of an open packing set is called the open packing number and is denoted by rho^o. this paper further studies on this parameter by obtaining some new bounds.

In this paper, we introduce a new skewed distribution of which normal and power normal distributions are two special cases. This distribution is obtained by taking geometric maximum of independent identically distributed power normal random variables. We call this distribution as the power normal--geometric distribution. Some mathematical properties of the new distribution are presented. Maximu...

This paper presents an accurate framework for incorporating the doubly fed induction generator based wind farms in load flow analysis of distribution systems. The proposed model is on equivalent circuit and also takes into consideration voltage dependent reactive power limits associated with generator. In addition, developed approach capable handling a operating either maximum point tracking or...

Security returns are heteroscedastic both cross-sectionally and over time, which affects the accuracy of standard factor extraction methods. In order to reduce the impact of such heterogeneity and to preserve the true factor structure, this paper studies the performance of a factor extracting method based on maximizing the explanatory power of the extracted factors. The implementation of the me...

.......................................................................................................................................... .3 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... .5 Microcontroller.............................................................................................

In their work [J. Phys. A 33, 4427 (2000)], Bender, Brody, and Meister have shown by employing a two-state model of a particle confined in the one-dimensional infinite potential well that it is possible to construct a quantum-mechanical analog of the Carnot engine through changes of both the width of the well and the quantum state in a specific manner. Here, a discussion is developed about real...

This paper presents a unique PWM switching pattern and a novel power factor control scheme for high power GTO ac/dc converters. This switching pattern has a switching frequency of 360Hz, which is the lowest possible frequency to achieve 5th and 7th harmonic elimination and an adjustable dc output current simultaneously. Using both feedback and feedforward control techniques, the proposed power ...