Diabetes alters cardiac substrate metabolism. The cardiac phenotype in insulin-resistant states has not been comprehensively characterized. The goal of these studies was to determine whether the hearts of leptin-deficient 8-week-old ob/ob mice were able to modulate cardiac substrate utilization in response to insulin or to changes in fatty acid delivery. Ob/ob mice were insulin resistant and gl...

Recent epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have demonstrated important links between sleep duration and architecture, circadian rhythms, and metabolism, although the genetic pathways that interconnect these processes are not well understood. Leptin is a circulating hormone and major adiposity signal involved in long-term energy homeostasis. In this study, we tested the hypothesi...

The mutant gene responsible for obesity in the ob/ob mouse was recently identified by positional cloning (Zhang Y., R. Proenca, M. Maffel, M. Barone, L. Leopold, and J.M. Friedman. 1994. Nature (Lond.) 372:425). The encoded protein and to represent and "adipostat" signal reflecting the state of energy stores. We confirm that the adipocyte is the source of ob mRNA and that the predicted 16-kD ob...

Laposky, Aaron D., Jonathan Shelton, Joseph Bass, Christine Dugovic, Nicholas Perrino, and Fred W. Turek. Altered sleep regulation in leptin-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290: R894–R903, 2006. First published November 17, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00304.2005.—Recent epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have demonstrated important links between sleep durat...

The neuroendocrine effects of leptin on metabolism hold promise to be translated into a complementary therapy to traditional insulin therapy for diabetes and obesity. However, injections of leptin can provoke inflammation. We tested the effects of leptin, produced in the physiological adipocyte location, on metabolism in mouse models of genetic and dietary obesity. We generated 3T3-L1 adipocyte...

Frequency –warped signal processing techniques are attractive to many wideband speech and audio applications since they have a clear connection to the frequency resolution of human hearing. A warped version of the linear predictive coding (LPC) for speech compression is implemented in this paper and an analysis of the application of Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) algorithm to th...

With the spurt in the amount of data (Image, video, audio, speech, & text) available on the net, there is a huge demand for memory & bandwidth savings. One has to achieve this, by maintaining the quality & fidelity of the data acceptable to the end user. Wavelet transform is an important and practical tool for data compression. Set partitioning in hierarchal trees (SPIHT) is a widely used compr...

This paper proposes new scheme for efficient rate allocation in conjunction with reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Modification of the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) image coder is proposed to generate four different groups of bit-stream relative to its significances. The significant bits, the sign bits, the ...

Recent success in wavelet image coding is mainly attributed to the recognition of importance of data organization and representation. There have been several very competitive wavelet coders developed, namely, embedded zerotree wavelets (EZW), morphological representation of wavelet data (MRWD), and set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT). In this paper, we develop a novel wavelet image c...

ISSN: 2278 – 7798 All Rights Reserved © 2015 IJSETR Abstract In recent years there has been an astronomical increase in the usage of computers for a variety of tasks. With the advent of digital cameras, one of the most common uses has been the storage, manipulation, and transfer of digital images. The files that comprise these images, however, can be quite large and can quickly take up precious...