BACKGROUND The literature emphasizes the role of early interpersonal experiences in the development of cognitive vulnerability; in particular, interruptions in early family relationships, parental unavailability and dysfunctional parenting are potential evolutionary precursors to negative cognitive style and emotional disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study measured the relationship of re...

Social support significantly enhances physical and mental health for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We surveyed 142 rural Ethiopian HIV patients newly enrolled in care for perceived social support and factors associated with low support levels. Using the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), the mean summary score was 19.1 (possible scores = 0-48). On six SPS subscales, mean scores (...

Research in molecular genetics has generally focused on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and exploratory candidate gene and candidate gene-environment (G × E) studies. In this article it is proposed that hypothesis-driven and biologically informed research provides a complementary approach to GWAS to advance pressing research questions about G × E relations that are of public health relev...

BACKGROUND Children's screen viewing (SV) is associated with higher levels of childhood obesity. Many children exceed the American Academy of Pediatrics guideline of 2 hours of television (TV) per day. There is limited information about how parenting styles and parental self-efficacy to limit child screen time are associated with children's SV. This study examined whether parenting styles were ...

While it is increasingly possible to envision "perfect" babies, it is not always the case that reproduction actually proceeds according to individual will; for example, there has been no recent reduction in rates of childhood disability. Nevertheless, in most studies of new reproductive technologies, the birth of those children whom few would actively choose-"defective" or disabled infants-is p...

OBJECTIVE Little is known about whether the childhood family psychosocial environment affects coronary heart disease (CHD). Study objectives were to evaluate associations of childhood family psychosocial environment (termed "risky families"; characterized by cold, unaffectionate interactions, conflict, aggression, neglect, and/or low nurturance) with calculated risk for CHD. METHODS Study par...

The long-term goal of the Woodlands Wisdom Nutrition Project is to create a regional community consciousness within and between Native American communities around how food and nutrition impact community health and well-being. The figure shown below was created by the Woodlands Wisdom Academic Committee to illustrate our approach to educating students of food and nutrition science. We believe th...

BACKGROUND Leadership is critical to making changes at multiple levels of the social ecological model, including the environmental and policy levels, and will therefore likely contribute to solutions to the obesity epidemic and other public health issues. The literature describing the relative leadership styles and strengths of women versus men is mixed and virtually all research comes from sec...

This special issue is the result of a successful collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and researchers leading four important longitudinal studies on intergenerational patterns of violence: The Environmental Risk Longitudinal TwinStudy (E-Risk) [1]; theFamilyTransitionsProject (FTP) [2]; the Lehigh Longitudinal Study [3]; and the Rochester Youth Development ...

Alfred Adler IS believed to have first presented his views on birth order in 1918 (2, p. 382). With regard to the first born, Adler held that he is typically more conservative than his later-born siblings, due to the first born's being dethroned by the second child, from his position of the little king of the family. Recent research in the field of specific personality patterns for the various ...