Nebraska CRNAs were surveyed to identify their attitudes regarding choice of residence and to rate their overall job satisfaction. In addition, the study determined differences in these attitudes, based on employment and whether they resided in a metropolitan or rural setting. Places of residence and employment in Nebraska were grouped according to population. Metropolitan areas consisted of Om...

Pulmonary edema is a generalized descriptive term for the accumulation of fluid within the interstitium and/or the alveolar spaces of the lungs. This accumulation of fluid has a cause that may be termed cardiogenic or noncardiogenic. Pulmonary edema of cardiogenic origin is usually due to failure of the left side of the heart, but it also can be attributed to the right side of the heart. Noncar...

I am extremely pleased to have the opportunity to examine the relationship between the programs of the American Nurses' Association (ANA) and the objectives of your own organization. I would like to share with you, (1) how the work of the American Nurses' Association relates to all nurses, and (2) how the American Nurses' Association attempts to work with all specialty nursing organizations, in...

The phenomenon of itching has received surprisingly little scientific scrutiny despite its commonality--hence its designation as a kind of neglected, "orphan symptom." Recent research and clinical understanding has shed light on itching, helping to illuminate its previously shaded landscape. This course reviews the nature of itching, its physiology, major triggers of particular interest to anes...

Introduction The coagulation cascade is a dynamic process dependent on many factors. It involves interaction between primary hemostasis, platelet clot formation, secondary hemostasis, thrombin generation, and fibrinolysis. The assessment of this process is particularly important in the surgical patient to properly assess patient coagulation assessment, manage hemostatic therapy and transfusion ...

Anesthesia outcomes and related risk factors have been studied for more than 100 years. Varying sample sizes and research methods have been used, with research findings that were open to multiple interpretations. Research with closed malpractice claims demonstrates that American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II patients undergoing elective procedures are most likely to experience...

Cyclodextrins, some of the select molecules exhibiting properties that are beneficial across multiple industries, are naturally occurring cyclical oligosaccharides with a lipophilic inner cavity and a hydrophilic exterior. These characteristics enable cyclodextrins to surround and bind lipophilic molecules while maintaining aqueous solubility. Agrochemistry, analytical chemistry, food, nutraceu...

Multiple sclerosis is the most common demyelinating, chronic disease of the central nervous system diagnosed in and affecting young adults. This disease can significantly alter the life of affected people, and there is no known cure. It is important to understand and review this disease process because anesthesia providers are likely to encounter patients with multiple sclerosis in their practi...

Low molecular weight heparins were first introduced in the United States in May 1993 as an alternative to currently available anticoagulant therapy. Like standard heparin, these anticoagulants inhibit activation of a number of coagulation enzymes, but low molecular weight heparins have their primary inhibitory effect on factor Xa. A decrease in plasma protein binding by low molecular weight hep...