Small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and multiple noise sources, coupled with very weak signal amplitudes of bio signals make brain-computer interface (BCI) application studies a challenging task. The front-end recorder amplifiers receive very-weak (few μV) from high impedance electrodes for efficient processing such low frequency (<1 kHz) gain amplifier operating voltage total harmonic distort...

Based on our analysis of the hopcount of the shortest path between two arbitrary nodes in the class Gp(N) of random graphs, the corresponding ßooding time is investigated. The ßooding time TN(p) is the minimum time needed to reach all other nodes from one node. We show that, after scaling, the ßooding time TN(p) converges in distribution to the two-fold convolution Λ(2∗) of the Gumbel distribut...

A complementary bipolar low-power, high-speed, current-feedback operational amplifier is described. The amplifier incorporates a new Class AB output stage that enables high output current drive of 100 mA and large voltage swing within 1 V of the supply rails while operating at low quiescent current of 1.5 mA. The amplifier was fabricated in a junction-isolated complementary bipolar process with...

A sensitive and simple method for simultaneous preconcentration of trace heavy metal ions in some cerealand vegetable samples has been reported. The method is based on the adsorption of Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+ and Pb2+on 2-(2-nitro-phenylazo)-naphthalen-1-ol (NPN) loaded on activated carbon (AC). The adsorbed metals onactivated carbon were eluted using 3 ml 4 mol L−1 nitric acid. The influences of the...

• Accelerometers can detect mass changes associated with flower and foliar phenology. measure phenophases not captured by imagery-based analysis. complement data streams such as direct or image-based observations. alleviate cost privacy barriers to monitoring trees (e.g. urban). could facilitate real-time acquisition on tree health services. Trees are bioindicators of global climate change regi...

We study the spectral properties of the Laplacian matrices and the normalized Laplacian matrices of the Erdös-Rényi random graph G(n, pn) for large n. Although the graph is simple, we discover some interesting behaviors of the two Laplacian matrices. In fact, under the dilute case, that is, pn ∈ (0, 1) and npn → ∞, we prove that the empirical distribution of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian mat...