S is one of the most common neurological disorders, and ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke. Since approximately one-third of stroke survivors experience depression, post-stroke depression (PSD) is considered as the most frequent and important neuropsychiatric consequence of stroke. Moreover, this condition can have an adverse effect on cognitive function, functional recovery, and...

Mapping landscape variation in tree species richness (SR) is essential to the long term management and conservation of forest ecosystems. The current study examines the prospect of mapping field assessments of SR in a high-elevation, deciduous forest in northern Iran as a function of 16 biophysical variables representative of the area's unique physiography, including topography and coastal plac...

OBJECTIVE To assess the breast-feeding condition based on economic status among primary school children and comparison between Turkman and non-Turkman ethnic groups in northern Iran in 2010. METHODS This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective research study, carried out on 6882 primary school children (4157 = non-Turkman and 2725 = Turkman) from 112 school of urban and villages ...

Biological disturbances are integral to forest ecosystems and have pronounced effects on resistance, resilience, diversity. The Hyrcanian mixed forest, in northern Iran, is at risk of declining diversity due ongoing pressure from land use change, harvesting, biological disturbances. We analyzed the resistance resilience this area under two (i.e., oak charcoal fungus, Biscogniauxia mediterranea ...

a survey on the genus exallonyx kieffer, 1904 (hymenoptera: proctotrupidae) was conducted in northern iran. the specimens were collected using malaise traps during 2010–2011. the genus exallonyx and six species were collected and identified for the first time from iran: exallonyx ater (gravenhorst, 1807), e. brevicornis (haliday, 1839), e. formicarius kieffer, 1904, e. ligatus (nees, 1834), e. ...

BACKGROUND Neural tube defects (NTD) are one of the leading causes of infant mortality worldwide. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of NTDs among native Fars ethnic groups during 1998-2005, and to identify maternal and demographic factors associated with NTDs. METHODS We performed a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study in Dezyani Hospital, Gorgan, North of Iran, ...

Dear Editor, Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain that leads to surgery. About 10 % of people for are affected by this disease throughout life (1). More than half of patients with appendicitis had history of vague abdominal pain, nausea and anorexia. Finally, pain is shifted to the right lower quadrant of abdomen (2, 3). It should be noted that the prevalence of age, ge...

Zearalenone contamination of 175 wheat samples produced in 2004 in Golestan province, northern Iran was determined. The 10-20 kg samples collected at different stages, including pre-harvest, before and after storage for 2 months in local silos. Samples were ground and sub-sampled with an analytical Romer mill. Each sample extract was cleaned-up using an immunoaffinity column. Zearalenone levels...

BACKGROUND Today, substance dependence and illegal trading of narcotics is considered as a global issue. Since mental disorder has been reported in about 90% of the substance dependents, this study aimed at determining the rate of mental health in the substance dependents in Sari Township in 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 500 substance-dependent patients were selected using conven...