Black Sea receives 1,125,839 tons of organic matter, 575,000 tons mineral nitrogen, 55,000 tons mineral phosphorus, 30,000 tons organic phosphorus, 90,000 tons iron, 206,000 tons petroleum and petroleum products, 48,000 tons surfactant, 12,000 tons zinc, 67,000 tons manganese, 4,500 tons lead, 2,800 tons copper, 900 tons cadmium and 80 tons of mercury in a year from land based sources. All thes...

Seasonal stock-specific distribution and abundance of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were determined using scale pattern analysis of Bering-Aleutian Salmon International Survey (BASIS) samples and catch data collected in the western Bering Sea in summer 2003 and fall 2002–2004. Chinook salmon were sparsely distributed in this region, which greatly limited the number of samples availa...

The Kingdom of Nepal is a landlocked country bordered by the Tibet, an Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China in the north and of the Republic of India in all other directions. It o o o is situated between the 26 22'N and 30 27'N latitudes and 80 4'E o and 88 12'E longitudes. Its altitude varies from 80 meters above mean sea level in the southern Terai to 8,848 meters above mean 1 ...

Analyses of long-term time series of North Sea plankton and sea surface temperature (SST) data reveal that the annual planktonic larval abundance of three benthic phyla, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, and Mollusca, responds positively and immediately to SST. Long-term outcomes for the planktonic abundance of these three phyla are different, however. The planktonic larvae of echinoderms and decapod ...

Speckled shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros), is a commercially important prawn in the embayments and estuaries of the Mediterranean Sea. It is originally a Lessepsian species which had migrated from the Red Sea into the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. This study was carried out in the North-eastern Mediterranean Sea between November 2009 and October 2010 with monthly sampling of speckled ...

Pronounced oscillations of ocean temperature and salinity occur in the Greenland Sea in a 2000 year integration of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. The oscillations, involving both the surface and subsurface ocean layers, have a timescale of approximately 40-80 years, and are associated with fluctuations in the intensity of the East Greenland Current. The Greenland Sea temperature and salinity...

Two strains of Azadinium poporum, one from the Korean West coast and the other from the North Sea, were mass cultured for isolation of new azaspiracids. Approximately 0.9 mg of pure AZA-36 (1) and 1.3 mg of pure AZA-37 (2) were isolated from the Korean (870 L) and North Sea (120 L) strains, respectively. The structures were determined to be 3-hydroxy-8-methyl-39-demethyl-azaspiracid-1 (1) and 3...

The carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma hypogea, was known only from shallow submarine caves (-15 to -26 m) in the Western Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic. Herein A. hypogea is reported from outside of caves, on seamounts in the Alboran Sea (-167 m), off the Balearics (-100 m) and north off Sicily (-660 m), and along steep bathyal escarpments in the Strait of Sicily (~700 m). These deeper ROV-ba...

Palynomorphs were analysed in two sediment cores from the southeastern Barents Sea representing the past 8.3 and 4.4 kyr. High dinocyst contents and species diversity enabled the application of the best analogue method to quantitatively reconstruct sea-surface salinities, temperatures and ice cover using 677 modern reference sites from the North Atlantic and Arctic seas, including new data from...

The control run of the Hadley Centre-coupled climate model (HadCM3) is used to establish the sources of multidecadal/ centennial sea level (SL) variations in the northwest Atlantic. It is shown that variations in the sea level for the largest part of this area are related to variations in the thermohaline structure of the upper (c 500 m) part of the ocean. Temperature variations dominate steric...