Cucurbita maxima (CM) seed oil is commonly used in Indian folk medicine to treat various ailments. We have investigated the effect of CM seed oil on memory impairment induced by scopolamine in rats. Male adult Wistar rats were administered scopolamine 1 mg/kg body weight, i.p. or 1.25 mg/kg body weight, s.c. to induce memory impairment. The nootropic agent piracetam 100 mg/kg body weight, i.p. ...

Vinpocetine is a safe nootropic agent used for neurological and cerebrovascular diseases. The anti-inflammatory activity of vinpocetine has been shown in cell based assays and animal models, leading to suggestions as to its utility in analgesia. However, the mechanisms regarding its efficacy in inflammatory pain treatment are still not completely understood. Herein, the analgesic effect of vinp...

Recognition of the need to treat cognitive deficits in schizophrenia is compelling and well established, with empirical findings and conceptual arguments related to cognitive enhancement appearing regularly in the literature. Cognitive enhancement itself, however, remains at an early stage. Biological approaches have centered on the development of antipsychotic medications that also improve cog...

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and several organisations, such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, suggest that management of patients with AD should be tailored to their needs. To date, little research has been conducted on the treatment effect in different subgroups of patients with AD. The aim of this study is to examine the...

A series of ethylene bis-imidazoles was synthesized via a novel microwave-mediated synthesis. Biological testing on eight isozymes of carbonic anhydrase (CA) present in the human brain revealed compounds with nanomolar potency against CA VA and CA VII, also displaying excellent selectivity against other CA isozymes present in this organ.

Albizia lebbeck (AL) commonly known as shirish, has number of therapeutic properties. AL is an economically important plant for industrial and medicinal uses. The leaves are good fodder with much protein content.The plant contains saponin, macrocyclic alkaloids, phenolic glycosides and flavonols.In Ayurvedic medicine, it is considered as an antidote against all type of poisons. Many ayurvedic f...

Complexes of lysine dendrimer and nootropic Semax peptides were studied using molecular dynamics simulation. These dendrimers were used for drug and other molecules delivery to different cells. It was shown earlier that dendrimers and in particular lysine dendrimers could penetrate blood brain barrier. In present paper three systems containing lysine dendrimers of 2 and 3 generations and 8, 16 ...

Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce, commonly called ‘‘khejri’’ (synonyms: jambi, jambu, shumi, jandi) is a leguminous, multipurpose tree species distributed in the arid and semi-arid regions of India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran and Arabia. Since all parts of the tree are useful, it is called ‘Kalptaru’. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce is an important herbal plant as mentioned in ancient literature. I...

Soybean lecithin transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine (SB-tPS) was prepared from soybean lecithin and L-serine by a transphosphatidylation reaction, and its effect on age-related memory impairment was evaluated in rats by the Morris water maze test. Continuous oral administration of SB-tPS (60 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 60 d) to male aged rats (24-25 mo) significantly improved performance in t...

Piracetam, the prototype of the so-called nootropic drugs' is used since many years in different countries to treat cognitive impairment in aging and dementia. Findings that piracetam enhances fluidity of brain mitochondrial membranes led to the hypothesis that piracetam might improve mitochondrial function, e.g., might enhance ATP synthesis. This assumption has recently been supported by a num...