Thiol groups in biological molecules play a significant role in various physiological functions and pathological conditions. Thiols are divided into two major groups: protein thiols and nonprotein thiols. Numerous methods have been reported for thiol assays. Most of these methods have been developed for glutathione, the principal nonprotein thiol, despite the fact that cellular protein thiols a...

Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions and predisposes afflicted individuals to several comorbidities. For these individuals, losing weight has proven to be an easier feat than maintaining a reduced weight. In obesity-prone rats, we examined if there is a metabolic propensity to regain weight after a period of significant weight loss. Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure (EE), sleeping metabol...

Stickwater, a by-product of the fish meal and oil industry, is an aqueous suspension of fish proteins, lipids, and other materials, and also contains soluble nonprotein nitrogen but not carbohydrate. It is usually partially evaporated by heat to a marketable form called "fish solubles," which is sold with an acid preservative as an animal feed supplement. However, fish solubles are only used to...

Eighteen cases of disseminated lupus erythematosus were verified by postmortem study in a series of 19,242 autopsies. Shortness of breath was the most common complaint and occurred in 16. Fourteen of this number had definite cardiac pathology. All 16 had definite pulmonary pathology. Fourteen cases had abnormal urinalysis. Of these cases, 7 had elevated blood nonprotein nitrogen values of over ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conventional diets may cause hyperglycemia in patients with neurological injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on the severity of cerebral infarction of replacing carbohydrates as the primary dietary source of nonprotein calories. METHODS Sixty-nine Long-Evans rats were either fasted for 24 hours, fed isocaloric amounts of a control diet containi...

This study examined the degree of additivity of several physiologically relevant protein and nonprotein inhibitors in impairing the surface activity of whole and extracted calf lung surfactant (LS and CLSE) on a pulsating bubble apparatus at 37 degrees C. Inhibitors investigated were albumin, hemoglobin, C16:0 and C18:1 lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), oleic acid (OA), palmitoleic acid (PA), arac...

Immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causal agent of tuberculosis, is critical for protection. For many decades, consistent to classical biochemistry, most studies regarding immunity to the tubercle bacilli focused mainly on protein structures. But the atypical, highly impermeable and waxy coat of mycobacteria captured the interest of structural biologists very early, allowing the...