T he Enlightenment was a philosophical, intellectual and cultural movement of the late 17 century that stressed reason, science and freedom of thought over dogma, blind faith and superstitious deism. One of the driving forces of the Enlightenment was the oppression of research and original thought imposed by the Catholic Church. The most extreme example was when astronomers were told that they ...

the rings considered in this article are commutative with identity $1neq 0$. by a proper ideal of a ring $r$,  we mean an ideal $i$ of $r$ such that $ineq r$.  we say that a proper ideal $i$ of a ring $r$ is a  maximal non-prime ideal if $i$ is not a prime ideal of $r$ but any proper ideal $a$ of $r$ with $ isubseteq a$ and $ineq a$ is a prime ideal. that is, among all the proper ideals of $r$,...

Background: Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a severe and rare autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, characterized by hyperkeratosis, extensive fissuring massive, diamond-shaped scales which limit the child’s movements. The term harlequin comes from baby’s facial expression pattern of like 17th century entertainers, harlequins. underlying genetic abnormality has been identified as mutation in ...

This study aimed to assess and compare the level of paranormal beliefs maladaptive emotional schemas between both genders, males females suffering from Functional Neurological Symptom disorder (FNSD). One hundred thirty-four patients (67 & 67 females) 14 years 24 having functional neurological symptoms were approached through a purposive sampling strategy psychiatric wards government privat...

This article examines the emergence of a new epistemic value that was attributed to remnants past during broad debate on historical evidence in late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: unintentionality testimony. Beginning early modern period, growing awareness partiality literacy narratives regarded as intentional testimonies well interest nonwritten pasts have led consideration other kinds ...

not confuse science with method. As Peter Medawar said, “what passes for scientific methodology is a misrepresentation of what scientists do or ought to do.” The “evidence-based practices” and “scientific research” mentioned over 100 times in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 are code words for randomized experiments, a method of research with which I too am much enamored. But to think that ...

This paper develops a knowledge-based model of information systems (IS) integration in acquisition-based growth programs. Previous research has found important differences in the acquirers' abilities for acquisition IS integration, and that these differences play key roles in explaining the economic benefits of acquisition-based growth. A knowledge-based view of acquisition IS integration contr...

Elemental mercury has been imbued with magical properties for millennia, and various cultures use elemental mercury in a variety of superstitious and cultural practices, raising health concerns for users and residents in buildings where it is used. As a first step in assessing this phenomenon, we compared mercury vapor concentration in common areas of residential buildings versus outdoor air, i...

The title page of Georg Bartisch's Ophthalmodouleia indicated that the book was protected against reprinting for ten years. In the event it was not reprinted till 103 years later. The present facsimile reproduction has come after nearly 400 years-an event that the pious and superstitious Bartisch would probably have ascribed to a happy juxtaposition of the stars on the 'Wednesday after Palm Sun...