Background & Aims: Hepatitis B virus is one of the causes of acute and chronic hepatitis. Due to multiple hospitalization and blood transfusion, thalassaemic patients are at higher risk of this infection. Duration of the immunity after vaccination in this high-risk group and the need for booster vaccination is uncertain. The aim of this study was to find antibody titration and immunity to Hepat...

Abstract The skin is one of the largest barrier sites which harbors a plethora microorganisms. Whether microbiota promotes humoral responses remains unknown. Here we show that colonization with common commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis profoundly modulates cutaneous immunity results in serum responsiveness antigen-specific IgG antibodies. Such response uncoupled from inflammatory signals and ...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the major viral complication in solid organ transplant recipients. Seronegative recipents (R-) of organs from seropositive donors (D+) appear to be at higher risk of developing symptomatic HCMV infection. To what extent systemic life-threatening complications can be risked for non-life-saving transplant procedures? A case report describing successful tr...

In this study, a fish metabolic accelerator (a combination of butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin [BPC]) was injected into the muscle olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, to investigate its effect on immunity stress in maintained at low temperatures. A single dose BPC (100 mg/kg body weight) were observed after one two weeks. Immunity tests revealed presence lysozyme (LZM), nitroblue tetrazolium...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment with a long-standing history. It employs the application of nontoxic components, namely a light-sensitive photosensitizer and visible light, to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS lead to tumor cell destruction, which is accompanied by the induction of an acute inflammatory response. This inflammatory process sends a danger signal t...