The equilibrium optimizer (EO) is a novel physics-based meta-heuristic optimization algorithm that inspired by estimating dynamics and states in controlled volume mass balance models. As stochastic algorithm, EO inevitably produces duplicated solutions, which wasteful of valuable evaluation opportunities. In addition, an excessive number solutions can increase the risk getting trapped local opt...

We have extended our method of grouping of Feynman diagrams (GFD theory) to study the transverse and longitudinal Greens functions G ⊥ (k) and G (k) in ϕ 4 model below the critical point (T < T c) in presence of an infinitesimal external field. Our method allows a qualitative analysis not cutting the perturbation series. We have shown that the critical behavior of the Greens functions is consis...