Increasing antimicrobial resistance has stimulated interest in non-antibiotic prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Well-known steps in the pathogenesis of UTIs are urogenital colonization and adherence of uropathogens to uroepithelial cell receptors. To prevent colonization in postmenopausal women, vaginal, but not oral, estrogens have been shown to restore the vagina lacto...

Background & aim:Primary dysmenorrhea can be relieved via some medical and non-medical approaches. In this regard, the probable therapeutic role of zinc supplements has been recently emphasized. The present study was conducted to determine the positive effects of zinc supplements on relieving primary dysmenorrhea and premenstrual symptoms. Methods:The present double-blind, randomized, controlle...

Which probiotics should I take? We have all heard this question from our patients in clinical practice. In 2012, approximately 3.8 million adults1 and 300,000 children2 were using probiotics—a fourfold increase over the previous five years. This question begets many further clinical questions: Which manufacturer? Which species or strain? For which clinical condition? Improved understanding of t...

in the united states, 40 – 50% of the men and women 50 years of age or older regularly use multivitamin/mineral (mvm) supplements, making the annual sales of these supplements over $11 billion. however, the question remains whether using mvm supplements is beneficial to health. this article reviews the results of randomized studies of mvm supplements and individual vitamins/mineral supplements ...

New promising non-antibiotic agents are being widely studied due to the limited range of synthetic antimicrobial drugs available and the worldwide increased resistance in bacterial pathogens, causing treatment failures in human and animal infectious disorders. This chapter will discuss the use of some alternative approaches that can potentially be used in antimicrobial treatment of oral disease...

INTRODUCTION Aim of this study is to investigate bacterial growth on non-infected devices and compare antibiotic-coated and non-coated implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The charts of 71 patients who underwent revision surgeries for penile prosthesis between 1995 and 2013 were reviewed. Of those, 31 devices were antibiotic-coated prostheses, while 40 of the implants were non-coated. Swab culture...

BACKGROUND Elderly patients represent the greatest consumers of healthcare per capita but have historically been underrepresented in clinical trials. It is unknown how many trials are designed to focus exclusively on elderly patients. OBJECTIVE To define the prevalence of interventional trials that study exclusively elderly persons and describe the characteristics of these trials, including t...

Dietary supplements are widely used for health purposes. However, little is known about the metabolic and cardiovascular effects of combinations of popular over-the-counter supplements, each of which has been shown to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and pro-longevity properties in cell culture or animal studies. This study was a 6-month randomized, single-blind controlled trial, in which 5...